hydroshere 2

Question 1

where do the trade winds of the 2 hemisheres meet

Answer 1

itcz intertropical convergence zone

Question 2

what happens at the itcz

Answer 2

hot humid air induces precipitation maximum

Question 3

where generally has the strongest surface winds

Answer 3

westerly wind belts but can vary

Question 4

how do ocean currents move to aid inthe release of heat int he ocean water

Answer 4

low latitude water moves up to higher latitues so heat can be released int he atmosphere by evaporation and sensible heatflux

Question 5

what 2 things balance the earths heat budget

Answer 5

latitudinal oceanic heat transport and hadley, ferrel and polar cells

Question 6

when water and air interact the density of water can change what 2 factors influence this

Answer 6

latent and sensible heat fluxes
when water evaporates it takes heat with it cooling the ocean making it denser.
hot air can also transfer heat to the ocean making it less dense

Question 7

how is heat moved from the the tropics to the polar regions

Answer 7

via horizontal circulation shapes

Question 8

what is thermohaline circulation

Answer 8

sperate from surface currtent they are driven by salinity and temperature. its a coveyor belt of surface and deeps current

Question 9

how does thermohaline circulation work

Answer 9

warm water moves up to the poles
water cools and freezes excluding the salt found in the water
brine then sinks to the ocean bottom as it is denser
deep current make their way back to thewarmer areas and resurface starting the process again

Question 10

what drives horizontal flows

Answer 10

wind

Question 11

vertical flows are driven by

Answer 11

density

Question 12

meridional overturning

Answer 12

sinking of ocean near poles and rising near equator

Question 13

what does the medioral overturn circulation do

Answer 13

regulates oceanic meridional heat transport

Question 14

AMOC Atlantic meridional overturning circulation process

Answer 14

gulf stream/ north atlantic current flow to the arctic
warm water cools and mixes w polar water(caballing)
ice forms and induces brine regection.
water sinks into the nordic and labrador seas producingthe north atlantic deep water NADW
and flows back to eq as a deep current

Question 15

force winds exert on ocean surface

Answer 15

wind stress

Question 16

what does wind stress produce

Answer 16

surface waves and ocean currents

Question 17

at what angle does wind cause waves and currents to form

Answer 17

45 degree

Question 18

ekman spiral

Answer 18

movement of water 90 degrees compared to surface winds

Question 19

how deep do wind driven currents run

Answer 19

no more than 1 km deep

Question 20

direction of wind driven current

Answer 20

horizontal

Question 21

most dominant wind driven current

Answer 21

gulf stream

Question 22

upwelling

Answer 22

upward movement of water due to winds may be caused by the ekman spiral occurs at divergent zones. water diverges and moves to the top

Question 23

downswelling

Answer 23

downward movement of water going to deep water maybe caused by the ekman spiral occurs at convergence zones. water converges and moves to the bottom

Question 24

cycloinc gyres are driven by what kind of pressure

Answer 24

low
meaning out ward movement
upswelling
divergence

Question 25

anticyclonic systems are driven by what type of pressure

Answer 25

high
meaning inward movement
downswelling
convergence

Question 26

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