Hydrologic Cycle:

Question 1

function:

Answer 1

collects, purifies, distributes earth’s fixed water supply

Question 2

water circulating between atmosphere and ocean:

Answer 2

97%-98%

Question 3

distribution of fresh water:

Answer 3

1. frozen
2. surface water
3. ground water

Question 4

evaporation:

Answer 4

conversion of liquid water to water vapor

Question 5

evaporation is driven by:

Answer 5

energy from the sun

Question 6

transpiration:

Answer 6

evaporation from the leaves of plants

Question 7

source of transpiration:

Answer 7

biosphere

Question 8

sink of transpiration:

Answer 8

atmosphere

Question 9

source of evaporation:

Answer 9

hydrosphere or geosphere

Question 10

sink of evaporation:

Answer 10

atmosphere

Question 11

condensation:

Answer 11

conversion of water vapor into droplets of water

Question 12

precipitation:

Answer 12

water falling from the sky to the ground

Question 13

source of precipitation:

Answer 13

atmosphere

Question 14

sink of precipitation:

Answer 14

geosphere or hydrosphere

Question 15

fate of precipitation:

Answer 15

1. locked into glaciers
2. goes into bodies of water
3. infiltrates the soil
4. surface runoff

Question 16

infiltration:

Answer 16

movement of water into soil and porous rock

Question 17

factors that impact infiltration:

Answer 17

1. substrate type
2. vegetative cover
3. degree of saturation
4. topography

Question 18

fate of infiltrated water:

Answer 18

can percolate or evaporate again

Question 19

porosity:

Answer 19

measurement of void spaces between rocks

Question 20

permeability:

Answer 20

the measurement which indicates how easily water can flow in between rocks

Question 21

percolation:

Answer 21

downward flow of water through soil and permeable rock formations

Question 22

source of percolation:

Answer 22

geosphere

Question 23

sink of percolation:

Answer 23

hydrosphere

Question 24

a function of percolation:

Answer 24

dissolves and transports minerals and nutrients (leaching)

Question 25

runoff:

Answer 25

down sloped surface where water moves back to bodies of water to resume cycle
> doesn’t infiltrate

Question 26

source of runoff:

Answer 26

geosphere

Question 27

sink of runoff:

Answer 27

hydrosphere

Question 28

sink:

Answer 28

where it goes

Question 29

source:

Answer 29

where it comes from

Question 30

impacts of runoff:

Answer 30

1. erosion
2. replenishes surface water
3. doesn’t infiltrate

Question 31

aquifer:

Answer 31

stored as groundwater

Question 32

human alterations:

Answer 32

1. draw large quantities of water from freshwater sources faster than nature can replenish
2. clear vegetation from lad for agriculture which increases runoff and decreases infiltration
3. drain wetlands which are natural flood control