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Chemistry S4 ( Anjali ) > Hydrocarbons And Fuels > Flashcards

Hydrocarbons And Fuels Flashcards

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1
Q

Cyclobutane belongs to a family of hydrocarbons

Name This family of hydrocarbon

A

Cycloalkanes

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2
Q

Cyclobutane belongs to a family of hydrocarbons

What’s the molecular formula for cyclobutane

A

C4H8

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3
Q

Cyclobutane belongs to a family of hydrocarbons

What’s the first never of this family

A

CycloPropane

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4
Q

What terminal is used to describe any family of hydrocarbons which have the same formula and similar chemical properties

A

Homologous series

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5
Q

State the general formula for the family of hydrocarbons which contains cyclobutane

A

CnH2n

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6
Q

Cyclobutane is described as a saturated hydrocarbons

What is ment by the term saturated

A

Dosent have a carbon to carbon double bond

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7
Q

What’s got the same molecular formula as cyclobutane

A

Butene

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8
Q

What is ment by the term isomer

A

Compounds with the same molecular formulae but DIFFRENT structural formulae

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9
Q

Name the two families of hydrocarbons with the same general formula each other

A

Alkene and cycloalkanes

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10
Q

A hydrocarbon molecule has molecular formula of C5H10

To which two families could this molecule belong

A

Alkene and cycloalkane

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11
Q

A hydrocarbon molecule has molecular formula of C5H10

Describe a chemical test including the results which would confirm family C5H10 belongs to

A

If C5H10 is an alkene it will decolourise bromine solutions. This happens when a alkene and bromine solution get shaken together a addition reaction takes place which leads to bromine getting decolourise. So, if C5H10 is a cycloalkane and saturated the reaction will not take place and not decolourise bromine.

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12
Q

Why are alcohols used as fuels

A

Because they are highly flammable and burn with a very clean flame

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13
Q

What alcohols are miscible in water

A

Methanol ethanol and propanol

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14
Q

What happens to the solubility of alcohols as the size of the molecule increases

A

The solubility decreases

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15
Q

Why does the boiling points of alcohol increase as the size goes up

A

Because there are more bonds making the intermolecular bonds stronger and harder to break

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16
Q

What is the functional group for alcohols

A

Hydroxyl

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17
Q

True or false are alcohols saturated

A

True

18
Q

True or false are alcohols saturated

A

True

19
Q

What is the general formula for alcohols

A

CnH2n+1 OH

20
Q

What are household uses of carboxylate acids

A

Soaps, medicine and vinegar ( dilute solution of ethanonic acid)

21
Q

What carboxylic acids are miscbible in water

A

Methanoic, ethanoic propanoic and butanoic acid

22
Q

What is the function ground of carboxylic acids

A

Carboxyl

23
Q

Are carboxylic acid saturated or unsaturated

A

Saturated

24
Q

What is the general formula for carboxylic acid

A

CnH2n+1 COOH

25
Q

What does exothermic mean

A

A reaction process that releases energy

26
Q

What does endothermic mean

A

A reaction process that takes in energy

27
Q

What happens in combustion

A

A substance reacts with oxygen realising energy

28
Q

What is the equation to find out the quantity of heat energy being released

A

E=cm^T

29
Q

What is a homologous series

A

A compound with the same general formula and similar chemical properties

30
Q

What is a hydrocarbon

A

A compound with only hydrogen and carbon atoms

31
Q

What does it main when a compound is described as unsaturated

A

The compound contains ATLEATS a carbon to carbon double bond

32
Q

How do you test for unsaturation

A

Unsaturated compounds dicolourises bromine solution quickly

33
Q

What are isomers

A

Same molecular formula but a Different structural formulae

34
Q

Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated

A

Saturated

35
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

36
Q

True or false are alkanes insoluble in water

A

True

37
Q

How are cycloalkes used

A

Solvents and fuels

38
Q

How are alkenes used

A

To make polymers and alcohols

39
Q

What functional group does alkenes have

A

Carbon to carbon double bond

40
Q

What are the three types of addition reactions

A

Hydration
Hydrogenation
Halogenation

41
Q

What is added in a halogenation

A

Halogens Normally use bromine

42
Q

What is added during a hydration reaction

A

Water

Chemistry S4 ( Anjali ) (3 decks)

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