Hydrocarbons Flashcards
Hydrocarbons are made up from what?
Hydrogen and carbon
Crude oil is a mixture of
Hydrogen
Describe the temperature difference in a fractionating column
Hottest at bottom
Coolest at the top
The process of separating hydrogens is
Fractional distillation
Gases from crude oil are use used for
Domestic heating and cooking
Petrol from crude oil is used for
Fuels for cars
The fuel aircrafts use is called
Kerosene
The fuels some cars and trains use is called
Diesel
Fuel oil is used by
Large ships and power stations
The 4 ways different hydrocarbon fractions differ from each other are
1) Number of carbon atoms they contain
2) Boiling points
3) Ease of ignition
4) Viscosity
By what unit does the molecular formula change in neighbouring molecules in a homologous series?
CH2
Examples of physical properties that differ within a homologous are (2)
Boiling points and melting points
When hydrocarbon fuels burn in oxygen this is called?
Combustion
What type of combustion occurs in a plentiful supply of oxygen?
Complete combustion
What are the products of complete combustion
Carbon dioxide and water
Bitumen is used for
Surfacing roads and roofs
What are the products of incomplete combustion
Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water and soot (carbon)
What is the chemical test for carbon dioxide?
It turns limewater cloudy
The homologous series most hydrocarbons is crude oil belong to is
Alkanes
An example of an Sloane
Methane
Ethane
Butane
Pentane
Propane
