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N5 Chemistry > Hydrocarbons > Flashcards

Hydrocarbons Flashcards

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1
Q

A hydrocarbon is…

A

….a compound containing ONLY hydrogen and carbon

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2
Q

A homologous series is…

A

….a family of compounds with the SAME GENERAL FORMULA and SIMILAR CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

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3
Q

The first member of the ALKANES is…

A

Methane

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4
Q

The general formula for the alkanes is…

A

CnH2n+2

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5
Q

methane, ethane,________, butane

A

propane

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6
Q

methane + oxygen –> ? + ?

A

carbon dioxide + water

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7
Q

A functional group is…..

A

…the part of a molecule which gives the molecule its chemical properties

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8
Q

The homologous series containing a carbon carbon DOUBLE bond are the…

A

…alkenes

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9
Q

The general formula for the alkenes is…

A

…CnH2n

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10
Q

The alkene with six carbon atoms, where the C=C is between the first two carbons is called..

A

…hex-1-ene

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11
Q

A hydrocarbon containing a C=C is known as an u____________ hydrocarbon

A

unsaturated

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12
Q

To distinguish between a saturated and an unsaturated hydrocarbon we can add it to……

A

…bromine solution

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13
Q

When an alkene is added to bromine solution it….

A

…decolourises the solution (goes from orange->colourless)

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14
Q

Which other homologous series have the same general formula as the alkenes?

A

cycloalkanes

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15
Q

The cycloalkane with five carbon atoms is called…

A

..cyclopentane

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16
Q

Which will have the higher boiling point, ethane or hexane?

A

hexane

17
Q

Why does octane have a higher boiling point than pentane?

A

Larger molecules have higher boiling points as there are stronger INTERMOLECULAR FORCES (attractions between molecules)

18
Q

Isomers are…

A

…molecules with the same molecular formula but a different structural formula

19
Q

The type of reaction where a small molecule adds across the double bond in an alkene is called an _____________ reaction

A

addition

20
Q

The molecule produced when bromine undergoes and addition reaction with ethene is called..

A

..1,2-dibromoethane

21
Q

When an alkene reacts with hydrogen, the product is an….

A

..alkane

22
Q

Adding hydrogen across a double bond is called….

A

…hydrogenation

23
Q

When water is added across a double bond in an alkene, the product is an…

A

…alcohol

24
Q

The OH functional group in an alcohol is called a ___________ group

A

hydroxyl

25
Q

Alcohols are often used as …..

A

..fuels and solvents

26
Q

The general formula for the alcohols is..

A

CnH2n+1 OH

27
Q

The alcohol with five carbon atoms where the OH group is on carbon 3 would be called

A

pentan-3-ol

28
Q

ethanol + oxygen–> ? + ?

A

carbon dioxide + water

29
Q

Which will have a higher boiling point and why..methanol or pentanol?

A

Pentanol will have higher b.pt as it is larger and will have stronger INTERMOLECULAR forces

30
Q

Carboxylic acids contain a functional group COOH. This is called the____________ group

A

carboxyl

31
Q

The carboxylic acid containing seven carbon atoms will be called..

A

..heptanoic acid

32
Q

A carboxylic acid will have a pH ……

A

..below 7

33
Q

An exothermic reaction is one which…

A

…releases heat energy

34
Q

A reaction which takes in heat energy is known as an_____________ reaction

A

endothermic

35
Q

In a combustion reaction something combines with ____________

A

oxygen

36
Q

Hexene has an isomer which is not an alkene. This isomer is…..

A

cyclohexane

N5 Chemistry (1 decks)

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