Hydrocarbons Flashcards
what is a hydrocarbon
an organic compound made up of only hydrogen and carbon
what is an alkane
a saturated hydrocarbon
what does saturated mean
the compound only contains single covalent bonds
what is an alkene
an unsaturated hydrocarbon consisting of at least one double bond
what is an alkyne
an unsaturated hydrocarbon consisting of a carbon-carbon triple bond
define a homologous series
a family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive member differ by the addition of CH2
what does aliphatic mean
carbon atoms are joined to each other in unbranched (straight) or branched chains, or non-aromatic rings
what does alicyclic mean
carbon atoms are joined to each other in a cyclic structure (with or without branches)
what does aromatic mean
some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring
what are the names of the different functinal groups
alcohol, carboxylic acid, ketone, aldehyde
alcohol suffix and group
-ol
OH group
carboxylic acid suffix and group
-anoic acid
COOH group
ketone suffix and group
-one
O (oxygen) group (not off the last carbon)
aldehyde suffix and group
-al
O (oxygen) group e(off the last carbon)
empirical formula definition
the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a molecule
