Hydraulic Principles 190301

Question 1

What is the formula for Pascals law?

Answer 1

Pressure = Force x Area

Question 2

What is the formula for Flow rate?

Answer 2

Volume / Time

Question 3

What is the the constant for gravity in the formula Force = Mass * Gravity

Answer 3

9.8

Question 4

What creates pressure in a hydraulic system?

Answer 4

Resistance to flow

Question 5

What is the law of conservation of energy

Answer 5

Energy is never created or destroyed. Only changes state

Question 6

Where is the pressure highest in a hydraulic system

Answer 6

At the pump

Question 7

What is the formula for calculating Diameter?

Answer 7

Diameter x Diameter x .7854

Question 8

What is Kinetic Energy responsible for?

Answer 8

Movement and motion

Question 9

What is an example of potential energy

Answer 9

A spring or an accumulator

Question 10

What does higher rate of flow increase?

Answer 10

Higher actuator speed

Question 11

How do you convert mass (KG) into Newtons

Answer 11

Mass x 9.8

Question 12

A series circuit has high speed and low torque, true or false?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

A Parallel circuit has Low speed and high torque

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is the flow in a parallel circuit like compared to a series circuit

Answer 14

Parallel has split flow and series has shared flow

Question 15

A high viscosity index means the oil has what characteristics in low temps vs high temps?

Answer 15

A low change in oil viscosity / thickness

Question 16

Low viscosity oil is very _____?

Answer 16

thin

Question 17

What is the benefit of a series parallel circuit

Answer 17

The ability to switch between high torque and high speed using a valve and sensing pilot line

Question 18

What are indicators of oxidized oil?

Answer 18

Burnt smell and watery feel.

Question 19

What is Bernoulli’s Principle?

Answer 19

As the velocity of a fluid decrease the pressure exerted by that fluid increases. Like a dammed river.

Question 20

Where does the loss of energy go in a pressure drop?

Answer 20

To heat and noise

Question 21

What is a pascal?

Answer 21

1 Newton on 1 square meter

Question 22

What is the formula for Output force?

Answer 22

MPa x L/min / 60

MPa x L/min x 0.0167

Question 23

What is the constant for output force calculation?

Answer 23

0.0167 or 1/60

Question 24

List some of the benefits of a hydraulic system.

Answer 24

Powerfull and compact.
Flexible install.
Easy to cool and lubricate.
Precise and accurate controls

Question 25

List some of the disadvantages of a hydraulic system.

Answer 25

Pressurized fluid can cause injury.
Noisey.
Leaks cause contamination.
Temperature affects control, reliability and performance.

Question 26

Work is defined as:

Answer 26

force acting through a distance.

Question 27

Energy is defined as:

Answer 27

the ability to perform work

Question 28

A hydraulic actuator converts:

Answer 28

Hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.

Question 29

Laminar flow refers to:

Answer 29

Oil moving in a straight parallel

Question 30

Hydraulics is based on who’s law?

Answer 30

Pascals

Question 31

Hydraulics is a practical way to do what to force?

Answer 31

Multiply it

Question 32

Doubling the inside diameter of a pipe will do what to it?

Answer 32

Quadruple the cross sectional area

Question 33

What is built in contamination?

Answer 33

Contamination from the manufacturer. Normally filters should be changed after the first 100 hours of service.

Question 34

What are the four common areas of ingressed contamination?

Answer 34

Air Breathers
Pump inlet leaks
Cylinder Seals
Unclean Maintenance

Question 35

Degradation Failures are caused by?

Answer 35

Gradual surface wear.

Question 36

State the two requirements for oil to be classified as biodegradable.

Answer 36

70-80% must be broken down by micro organisms

Must not harm living organisms