Hybrid- Foot, Ankle, & Leg

Question 1

Steve has been experiencing anterior leg pain that appears to be caused by chronic shin splints. Which of the following procedures would most likely be painful during the evaluation process?

Select one:

a. resisted dorsiflexion
b. resisted plantar flexion
c. passive dorsiflexion
d. resisted eversion

Answer 1

a. resisted dorsiflexion

Question 2

A client having plantar fasciitis is most likely to report which of the following during an initial intake history?

Select one:

a. pins and needles sensations along the top of the foot
b. long periods of sitting at a desk
c. a recent significant increase in activity
d. sudden onset of foot pain associated with a fall

Answer 2

c. a recent significant increase in activity

Question 3

If you are performing a manual resistive test with your client, and you perceive significant muscle weakness during resisted eversion, what is the most likely explanation?

Select one:

a. a muscle strain in the gastrocnemius
b. impairment of a motor nerve to the muscles of eversion
c. a mild sprain to the medial ankle ligaments
d. compression of sensory nerve fibers to the anterior leg

Answer 3

b. impairment of a motor nerve to the muscles of eversion

Question 4

Your client reports pain across the top surface of the foot during resisted dorsiflexion and at the very end range of passive plantar flexion. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this pattern?

Select one:

a. Achilles tendon dysfunction
b. tenosynovitis in the anterior leg muscles
c. tendinosis in the tibialis posterior muscle
d. strain to the soleus muscle

Answer 4

b. tenosynovitis in the anterior leg muscles

Question 5

Which of the following muscles would be strongly engaged in contraction during a manual resistive test for resisted eversion?

Select one:

a. soleus
b. tibialis posterior
c. peroneus longus
d. gastrocnemius

Answer 5

c. peroneus longus

Question 6

A calcaneal valgus foot alignment is most likely to put tensile (pulling) stress on which structure(s)?

Select one:

a. dorsiflexor muscles
b. lateral ankle ligaments
c. tibial nerve
d. extensor tendon sheaths

Answer 6

c. tibial nerve

Question 7

Which of the following muscles would be stretched during an evaluation at the end range of passive dorsiflexion?

Select one:

a. gastrocnemius
b. tibialis anterior
c. extensor digitorum longus
d. sartorius

Answer 7

a. gastrocnemius

Question 8

Anterior shin splints are most likely to be caused by which of the following

Select one:

a. excessive uphill running
b. excessive downhill running
c. sudden inversion movement of the foot
d. a sudden blow to the gastrocnemius muscle

Answer 8

b. excessive downhill running

Question 9

A Morton’s neuroma is most likely to produce which of the following as a primary symptom?

Select one:

a. sharp pain between the 3rd and 4th toes
b. pain with resisted dorsiflexion
c. deep burning sensations in the distal tibia
d. pain on the bottom surface of the foot near the calcaneus

Answer 9

a. sharp pain between the 3rd and 4th toes

Question 10

Which of the following symptoms would be likely with anterior compartment syndrome but NOT with anterior shin splints?

Select one:

a. paresthesia in the leg
b. tenderness to palpation
c. pain in the anterior lower leg region
d. increased pain associated with activity

Answer 10

a. paresthesia in the leg

Question 11

The ligaments that make up the deltoid ligament complex are located

Select one:

a. proximal to the ankle
b. at the subtalar joint
c. on the medial side of the ankle
d. on the lateral side of the ankle

Answer 11

c. on the medial side of the ankle

Question 12

A condition that involves compression of the tibial nerve on the medial side of the ankle is called

Select one:

a. dorsiflexor neuritis
b. tarsal tunnel syndrome
c. Morton’s neuroma
d. cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 12

b. tarsal tunnel syndrome

Question 13

Posterior heel pain that is felt with resisted plantar flexion and palpation is most likely caused by

Select one:

a. plantar fasciitis
b. Morton’s neuroma
c. Achilles tendinosis
d. dorsiflexor tenosynovitis

Answer 13

c. Achilles tendinosis

Question 14

If your client has ankle pain during active and passive dorsiflexion as well as active and passive plantarflexion, which of the following tissues is most likely the cause of that pain?

Select one:

a. plantar fascia
b. tibialis anterior tendon
c. gastrocnemius
d. ankle ligaments

Answer 14

d. ankle ligaments

Question 15

Which of the following muscles is likely to be somewhat overstretched in a foot/ankle complex with a calcaneal varus postural distortion?

Select one:

a. peroneus longus
b. tibialis posterior
c. tibialis anterior
d. flexor hallucis longus

Answer 15

a. peroneus longus

Question 16

A hallux valgus deformity is characterized by…

Select one:

a. excessive wear pattern on the lateral side of the shoe
b. prounounced bump on the 5th metatarsal head
c. lateral deviation of the distal end of the great toe
d. medial deviation of the distal calcaneus

Answer 16

c. lateral deviation of the distal end of the great toe

Question 17

A client who has sustained a lateral ankle sprain would most likely present which pattern of symptoms during evaluation? The greatest amount of pain felt with both

Select one:

a. active dorsiflexion and resisted plantar flexion
b. passive eversion and active eversion
c. passive inversion and active inversion
d. resisted eversion and passive eversion

Answer 17

c. passive inversion and active inversion

Question 18

Which of the following is a key factor likely to lead to overpronation in the foot?

Select one:

a. compression of the toe extensor tendon sheaths
b. weakness in the tibialis posterior
c. previous lateral ankle sprains
d. tightness in the tibialis anterior

Answer 18

b. weakness in the tibialis posterior

Question 19

Pain in the bottom surface of the foot upon the first arising and walking on it in the morning is a common characteristic of

Select one:

a. plantar fasciitis
b. Achilles tendinosis
c. extensor tenosynovitis
d. posterior shin splints

Answer 19

a. plantar fasciitis

Question 20

The development of a bunion at the first metatarsal head is most commonly associated with which postural distortion in the foot?

Select one:

a. pes planus
b. pes cavus
c. hallux valgus
d. calcaneal varus

Answer 20

c. hallux valgus

Question 21

The symptoms of Morton’s neuroma would most likely be reproduced with both of these evaluation procedures…

Select one:

a. compression of the forefoot and passive toe hyperextension
b. resisted dorsiflexion and passive inversion
c. resisted toe flexion and palpation of the anterior calcaneus
d. palpation of the dorsal surface of the foot and active plantarflexion

Answer 21

a. compression of the forefoot and passive toe hyperextension

Question 22

The symptoms of tarsal tunnel syndrome and _________________ are very similar and often lead to misinterpretation and improper evaluation.

Select one:

a. pes cavus
b. hallux valgus
c. Achilles tendinosis
d. plantar fasciitis

Answer 22

d. plantar fasciitis

Question 23

Which of the following is most likely to be a symptom of medial tibial stress syndrome? Pain that is felt with…

Select one:

a. active plantar flexion and resisted eversion
b. palpation along the attachment of tibialis posterior
c. passive inversion
d. resisted dorsiflexion

Answer 23

b. palpation along the attachment of tibialis posterior

Question 24

Bone spurs commonly develop in conjunction with which of the following conditions?

Select one:

a. plantar fasciitis
b. Morton’s neuroma
c. anterior shin splints
d. tarsal tunnel syndrome

Answer 24

a. plantar fasciitis

Question 25

A client with a strain to the gastrocnemius muscle would most likely report pain during which of the evaluation procedures listed below?

Select one:

a. passive plantar flexion
b. resisted dorsiflexion
c. active inversion
d. resisted plantar flexion

Answer 25

d. resisted plantar flexion