Hx Perspectives

Question 1

1917

Answer 1

J. Radon
- Austrian matheatician
- dev. Basic mathematical qs
Proved: Reconstruction or build up an image of 2d or 3d object is possible w/ large # of projections from diff positions

Question 2

1920

Answer 2

-methods to image specific body sections are under devt
Terms used to describe the techq
-Stratigraphy (strata = layer; graphia =to describe /draw/write
-BODY section radiography

Question 3

1935

Answer 3

Grossman
-redefined tecq
Tomography (tomos = section)
Conventional tomography = img of a section of the pt that is //to the film

Question 4

1937

Answer 4

Watson
“Cross sectional studies”
-dev another tecq which the sections were transverse sections (cross sections)
- referred as TRANSVERSE AXIAL TOMOGRAPHY

Question 5

1940

Answer 5

Gabriel Frank
- describe basic idea of today’s tomography
Patent includes:
- drawings of equipment = to form SINOGRAMS (reps of measurement data as Linear samples vs view samples)
- optical backprojection tecqs = to reconstruct images

Question 6

1960

Answer 6

William Oldendorf
-American neurologist, LA
-practical application of projections in medicine
-phantom (what he used to practice proj)
-performed series of experiment S based on principles that are similar to the later used ct
Objective of his work
-to determine whether internal structures within dense structures - could be identified by transmission measurements

Question 7

1960 (2)

Answer 7

David E. Kuhl
-transverse tomography sing radioisotopes

Question 8

1960 (3)

Answer 8

Roy Q. Edwards
Further developed and evolved into today’s emission ct

Question 9

1963

Answer 9

Allan Macleod Cormack
-derived mathematical theory for image Reconstruction
-also applied Reconstruction techniques in nucmed

Question 10

1967

Answer 10

Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield
- devt world 1st clinical useful CT scanner for imaging the brain
- @ central research laboratories of EMI Ltd. In England

Question 11

EMI scanner

Answer 11

Electronic & Musical industries scanner
-1st scan machine
180 deg translation or 1 deg rotation

Question 12

“If xr beam were passed through an object from _________ made of all _______ information abt internal structures. Can be obtained”

Answer 12

All directions & meadurements
Xray transmission

Question 13

Oct 1 1971

Answer 13

Dr. James Ambrose
- consultant @ Atkinson Morley hospital
-under his supervision with Hounsfield they were able to obtain readings from a specimen of a human brain
-head ct (showed a dark circular cyst)

EMI MARK I (1st clinical prototype of a brain scanner)

Question 14

1974

Answer 14

Dr Robert Ledley
-prof of radiology, physiology and biophysics @ Georgetown university
-developed 1st whole body scannrr

4th Gen scanner was developed

Question 15

1975

Answer 15

DSR (Dynamic SPATIAL Resolution)
- 1st high speed ct scanner installed in mayo clinic
Goals:
To carry out dynamic volumes scanning to accommodate imaging the dynamics of organ system w/high temporal resolution

Question 16

1979

Answer 16

Hounsfield & Cormack
- shared the novel prize in medicine and physiokogy

Question 17

1980s

Answer 17

Dr Douglas Boyd
- “electron beam technology” (high speed ct scanner)
-cardiovascular ct scanner or EBCT (electron beam computed radiography)

Question 18

1987

Answer 18

FUNT & BRYAN
-study of internal log defects in sawmill