Hx Osteopathy

Question 1

What duties did Dr. Still do during the civil war?

Answer 1

Officially a Hosp Steward, but decided performing the duties of a general surgeon.
Also participated in Battle of Westport

Question 2

Describe the Battle of Westport

Answer 2

“Gettysburg of the West”. Union stopped Confederate’s last major offensive in the west.

Question 3

What happened to Still’s children and how did this affect his thoughts about medicine

Answer 3

3 died of meningitis and 1 of pneumonia
Made him unsatisfied with the current medical practices
1864

Question 4

What were some of the discoveries of medicine and science during the development of osteopathy?

Answer 4

Development of Alternative treatments (Homeopathy, Hydrotherapy, …)
Develop idea of Homeostasis 1855 (Claud Bernard)
Sphygmograph 1863 (Etienne-Jules Marey)
Disinfectants 1865 (Joseph Lister)
Germ Theory 1876 (Robert Koch)
Immune system 1879 (Pasteur)

Question 5

What date did Still fling banner to breeze (Announce Osteopathy)?

Answer 5

June 22nd 1874

6/22/1874

Question 6

4 principles of Osteopathy

Answer 6

1) Body is unit; Body, Mind, Spirit.
2) Body is capable of self regulation, self healing, and health maintenance
3) Structure and Function are reciprocally interrelated
4) Rational treatment is based on principles of body unit, self regulation, and interrelated structure and function

Question 7

Philosophy of Osteopathic medicine as described in Kirkville Consensus 1953

Answer 7

Osteophatic medicine is a philosophy, a science, and an art.
The philosophy embraces the concept of unity of body structure and function in health and disease
Science includes chemical, physical, and biological sciences related to medicine
Art is the application of the philosophy and science

Question 8

Where did Still first introduce his ideas and how were they received?

Answer 8

Baker University 1876

Excommunicated for satanic practices of healing with the hands

Question 9

After moving to Kirksville what was they response to Still’s practice?

Answer 9

“miracle cures” large influx of patients so Still opened a school

Question 10

When was the first school opened and what was the name?

Answer 10

American School of Osteopathy

October 3rd 1892 10/3/1892

Question 11

What happened that allowed Dr. Still to have access to so many cadavers in this study of anatomy

Answer 11

Cholera epidemic in native americans 1855

Question 11

When was the term Osteopathy coined?

Answer 11

1889

Question 13

What was the name of the organization that preceded American Osteopath Foundation?

Answer 13

American Association for the Advancement of Osteopathy (AAAO)
1897

Question 14

Who is Dr. Adam Flexner and what is his significance to medical education

Answer 14

wrote a report on the quality of medical education for MD and DO. “education in DO schools is worthless”

Question 15

How did Osteopathic medicine respond to Flexner’s contribution?

Answer 15

changed from 2 -> 4 year program 1915
revoked ban on pharmacology 1916
started stricter requirements for entry

Question 16

What was Osteopathic medicine’s significance in the 1917-1918 influenza epidemic?

Answer 16

OMM treatments loosens mucus in chest and resulted in half the mortality rate seen in allopathic treatment

Question 17

explain contrast difference between osteopathic and allopathic approach in assess medical problems

Answer 17

Osteopathic considers both host and disease in assessment and treatment
allopathic assess and treats disease

Question 18

When was KCU started and what was it called?

Answer 18

1916

Kansas City College of Osteopathy and surgery

Question 19

Changes involving teaching pharmacology

Answer 19

1916 - reversed prior action that condemned colleges that taught pharm
1929 - allowed teaching of pharm

Question 20

AMA inspection of Osteopathic schools through Cline committee

Answer 20

1955
determined education is comparable though facilities lacking
remove “cult” label

Question 21

When were DO allowed to enter AMA internships and residencies?

Answer 21

1964

1970 - schools become university affiliated (Michigan State 1st)

Question 22

First state to recognize Osteopathic medicine

Answer 22

Vermont 1896

Question 23

The California Incident

Answer 23

1961 - law prohibited licensing DOs in state
offered current DOs chance to switch to MD (not recognized outside CA) 85% switched
Supreme Court ruled that CA had to continue licensing of DOs 1974
conversion of DO school to MD with few changes was catalyst for expanding DO practicing rights
1973 Mississippi is last state to grant full practice rights

Question 24

Women in DO

Answer 24

In first class in 1892 (Jeanette Bolles = 1st women DO)
1920 - Osteopathic Women National Association (OWNA)
1988 - National Osteopathic Women Physician Association (NOWPA)

Question 25

Minorities and DO

Answer 25

Dr Anderson worked alongside MLK and was first African-American President of AOA
American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic medicine (AACOM) joined Health Professionals for Diversity

Question 26

When did DO partition to join military

Answer 26

1917
but vetoed by surgeon general Georgas MD
lead to expansion of DO Hos in 1941 during WWII

Question 27

When did DOs serve the military and civil service?

Answer 27

1957 - legally able to join military and civil service
1963 - DOs in civil service
1966 - DOs in military
1969 - DOs in Vietnam

Question 28

When was the Association of Military Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons (AMOPS) established?

Answer 28

1977

Question 29

What was AT Still’s and his father’s jobs?

Answer 29

Father was minister and physician

Still studied under father and was later a farmer

Question 30

Andrew Taylor Still’s DOB

Answer 30

August 6 1828 8/6/1828

Lee County Virginia

Question 31

Most prominent female researcher on Osteopathic medicine.

Answer 31

Dr. Louisa Burn, DO

Question 32

First woman appointed Dean of a medical school

Answer 32

Dr. Barbara Ross-Lee, Do

Question 33

First minority-group president of AOA

Answer 33

Dr. Marcelino Olivio, DO