HW 2

Question 1

Stratum Corneum

Answer 1

Very top layer of skin. This is all DEAD keratinized cells. In both thick and thin skin.

Question 2

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 2

Layer right under the corneum. Found only in thick skin.

Question 3

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 3

Layer under lucidum in thick skin. Layer under corneum in thin skin. Made up of 3 to 5 layers of flat keratinocytes. Last layer of living cells.

Question 4

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 4

Many layers of keratinocytes. The cells start to flatten as they get close to the granulosum layer. Dendritic cells are also found in this layer.

Question 5

Stratum Basale

Answer 5

Lowest layer in the epidermis. Keratinocytes are found here along with cuboidal and columnar stem cells. Found here are also melanocytes and tactile cells.

Question 6

Papillary layer of dermis

Answer 6

This layer has capillaries.

Question 7

Reticular layer of dermis

Answer 7

This layer has follicles, glands, collagen, fibers and free nerve endings.

Question 8

Cyanosis

Answer 8

A bluish hue from lack of or low oxygen

Question 9

Jaundice

Answer 9

Yellowing of the skin from high bilirubin levels

Question 10

Erythema

Answer 10

Redness and flushness of the skin from exercise or embarrassment

Question 11

Bronzing

Answer 11

Glucocorticoid deficiency (cortisol, etc)

Question 12

Albinism

Answer 12

Lack of melanin

Question 13

Pallor

Answer 13

Pale coloring associated with shock or anemia

Question 14

Hematoma

Answer 14

A bruise, such as from an acupuncture needle.

Question 15

What is keratin and the important of keratin?

Answer 15

Keratin is a protein that is the flue that holds stratum cells together. Keratin can be hard (nails and hair). Keratinocytes are also soft (cells of skin). Dead skin cells are also keratin cells.

Question 16

What important structure is found in the dermal papillary layer?

Answer 16

Capillaries are found in the dermal papillary layer.

Question 17

Apocrine Sweat Glands

Answer 17

Sweat glands that exit with sebaceous glands. This is what makes body odor.

Question 18

Merocrine Sweat Glands

Answer 18

Sweat glands that secrete mostly salt water. These are sweat glands in the hands and forehead. Usually do not produce smell.