HVLA Biomechanics Flashcards
What are the biomechanics of the OA joint? (i.e. joint type, movements permitted, coupling normally, type of lock-up, coupling in lock-up)
Joint type: condyloid joint
Movements permitted: primarily, slight flexion and extension; minor SB and rotation
Coupling normally: Type 1 (SB and R to opposite side)
Type of lock-up: Ligamentous myofascial lock-up
Coupling of lock-up: Primary rotation, secondary SB to opposite side and extension for minor adjustments
What are the biomechanics of the AA joint in HVLA?
Joint type:
Movements permitted:
Coupling normally:
Type of lock-up:
Coupling of lock-up:
Joint type: complex pivot joint
Movements permitted: pure rotation
Coupling normally: not applicable
Type of lock-up: Ligamentous myofascial lock-up
Coupling of lock-up: Primary rotation, secondary SB to opposite side and extension or translation for minor adjustments
What are the biomechanics of the CD (CT) joint in Seated Technique?
Joint type:
Movements permitted:
Coupling normally:
Type of lock-up:
Coupling of lock-up:
Joint type: Plane joint
Movements permitted: Coupled SB and Rotation
Coupling normally: Type 2
Type of lock-up: Ligamentous Myofascial Lock-up
Coupling of lock-up: not applicable; compression at inferior facet
What are the biomechanics of the CD (CT) joint in Head of Table?
Joint type:
Movements permitted:
Coupling normally:
Type of lock-up:
Coupling of lock-up:
Joint type: Plane joint
Movements permitted: Couples SB and rotation
Coupling normally: Type 2
Type of lock-up: Facet apposition
Coupling of lock-up: Type 1 (Primary SB, secondary Rotation)
What are the biomechanics of the CD (CT) joint in Side of Table?
Joint type:
Movements permitted:
Coupling normally:
Type of lock-up:
Coupling of lock-up:
Joint type: Plane joint
Movements permitted: Couples SB and rotation
Coupling normally: Type 2
Type of lock-up: Facet apposition
Coupling of lock-up: Type 1 (Primary rotation, secondary sidebending)
What are the biomechanics of the TL in Extension?
Joint type:
Movements permitted:
Coupling normally:
Type of lock-up:
Coupling of lock-up:
Joint type: Plane synovial joint
Movements permitted: coupled SB and R
Coupling normally: Type 1 (Opposite SB and R)
Type of lock-up: Facet apposition
Coupling of lock-up: Type 2 (primary rotation and secondary SB to the same side)
What are the biomechanics of the TL joint in Flexion?
Joint type:
Movements permitted:
Coupling normally:
Type of lock-up:
Coupling of lock-up:
Joint type: Plane synovial joint
Movements permitted: coupled SB and Rotation
Coupling normally: Type 2 (same side SB and R)
Type of lock-up: Facet apposition
Coupling of lock-up: Type 1 (primary rotation and secondary SB to the opposite side)
What are the biomechanics of the SL joint in Extension/Neutral?
Joint type:
Movements permitted:
Coupling normally:
Type of lock-up:
Coupling of lock-up:
Joint type: Plane synovial joint
Movements permitted: coupled SB and Rotation
Coupling normally: Type 1 (opposite SB and R)
Type of lock-up: Facet apposition
Coupling of lock-up: Type 2 (primary rotation and secondary SB to the same side)
OA palpation and thrust
Palpating medially, in interspace, just inferior to occiput, above C2 SP
Banana thrust, rotation and extension
AA palpation and thrust
Palpate between occiput and C2 SP, just laterally (intending to palpate over the soft tissue structures covering the AA joint space)
Thrust is primarily, rotatory
CT seated palpation and thrust
Fulcrum at inferior facets
Thrust is posterosuperior, intending to gap the superior facet over the inferior facet
CT side of table palpation and thrust
just lateral to SP, over the inferior facets
thrust is lateral/transverse
CT head of table palpation and thrust
hypothenar eminence over inferior articular facet
thrust is down and laterally
TL neutral palpation and thrust
palpation over SPs, one above, one below and one at the joint level
thrust is rotation and some traction
TL flexion palpation and thrust
palpation over SPs, one above, one below and one at the joint level
thrust is rotation and some traction
SL neutral palpation and thrust
palpation over SPs, one above, one below and one at the joint level
thrust is rotation and some traction
OA/AA risks
Transient - increased muscle soreness and fatigue, headache, dizziness, and dehydration
Substantive - Disc hernation/prolapse, nerve root compression, cervical and upper thoracic spine sprain, muscle strain
Rare and Very Serious - stroke, spinal cord compression, CAD
CD Risks
Transient - increased muscle soreness and fatigue, headache, dizziness, and dehydration
Substantive - Disc hernation/prolapse, nerve root compression, cervical and upper thoracic spine sprain, shoulder girdle strain, fracture
Rare and Very Serious - spinal cord compression
TL risks
Transient - increased muscle soreness and fatigue, and dehydration
Substantive - Disc hernation/prolapse, nerve root compression, shoulder girdle, thoracic and lumbopelvic strain, and fracture
Rare and Very Serious - cauda equina
LS risks
Transient - increased muscle soreness and fatigue, and dehydration
Substantive - Disc hernation/prolapse, nerve root compression, shoulder girdle, thoracic and lumbopelvic strain, and fracture
Rare and Very Serious - cauda equina
