Husbandry Flashcards
weanling
young horse, from weaning to first bday
yearling
1 yr to 1 1/2 years
long yearling
1 1/2 years to 2nd bday
colt
intact male between 2 and 3 yrs
filly
female between 2 and 3 yrs
Pulse rate
28-44 bpm
temp
99-101.5 F
102 may be normal in warm weather or for an indiviual
respiration
6-12 bpm
What is called the
“knee” in the
forelimb of a horse
would be called the
___ in the human
wrist joint
What abdominal
organ is absent in
the horse and rat?
gallbladder
Which of the
following forms the
tail of the horse?
coccygeal vetebrae
anatomy
Bars
V-shaped depression on the distal
surface of the hoof
anatomy
Frog
V-shaped pad of soft horn between
the bars on the sole of the hoof
anatomy
Heel bulb:
Swollen part of the hoof wall and
adjacent soft tissue at the back of the hoof
anatomy
Hoof
Hard, horny covering of the digit of
ungulates
anatomy
Hoof wall
hard, horny covering of the hoof
anatomy
Lamina
Sensitive tissue that attaches the
hofo wall to the underlying foro structures
anatomy
Quarter
Medial and lateral aspects of the
hoof
anatomy
Sole
Palmar and plantar surfaces hoof
anatmy
toe
cranial aspect of the hoof
anatomy
white line
the fusion between the wall and the sole of the hoof
Vertebral formula
(C7 T18 L6 S5 C18-23)
leg anatomy
knee
carpus
anatomy
cannon bone
metacarpal bone
anatomy
fetlock joint
joint where the cannon bone, proximal sesamoids and long pastern meet
anatomy
pastern bones
long pastern: first phalanx
short pastern: second phalanx
anatom
coffin bone
third phalanx
anatomy
navicular bone
distal phalanx
urine output
5-15 L/day
male donkey
jack
fem donkey
jenny
mule
cross between a male and female horse
molly
female mule with an estrous cycle
hinny
cross between a female donkey and ale horse
What type of placenta do horses have?
diffuse
what is the most common cause of infertility in horses
UTI’s , often is clinically silent
clinical signs of impending parturition
- edema of the legs and plaque of edema on the ventral abdomen
- udder enlarges approx 2 to 4 wks before foaling
- waxing of the teats approx 24 to 48 hrs after waxing
- vulva swells
- discharge
- pelvic ligaments relax
stage 1 of parturition
- lasts 2 to 4 hrs
- relestnessness; pacing and sweating occurs
- shows disinterest in food
signs of stage 2 parturition
- Lasts 20 to 30 minutes.
- Begins with breaking of water.
- Fetus delivered.
signs of stage 3 parturitions
*Lasts 4 to 6 hours.
* Placenta passes.
Keep placenta to fully examine
what are signs of malpositioning ?
- Appearance of nose with no hooves
- One hoof showing
- Hooves that are not facing the ground
- Any failure of any part of fetus to appear at the vulva within 20-30 minutes of rupture of chorioallantoic sac
- Strenuous contractions with no progress for 10 minutes
- Hoof soles facing dorsally
- Foal in dorso-pubic position
- Foal With posterior presentation and flexion of head, neck or lims
neonatal
when should spontaneous breathing begin for neonates after birth
30 to 60 seconds
what should normal clonical findings for heart rate and respirstpry look like 5 min after birth
HR >~ 60
RR >~ 60
when long until the foal be standing after birth
60 min after birth
around when should the foal begin nursing
60 to 180 min after birth
when does first urination expected to occur
10 hrs after birth
when should the first meconium be passed
24 hrs after birth
what is the leading cause of sickness and death in foals 0-7 days
neonatal bacterial septicemia
failure of antibody transfer from colostrum
how do we verify adequate passive transfer
blood sample from foal to confirm IgG
foal temp
90F - 101.5F
pulse rate of foals
≥60 at 5 minutes
75 - 100 for first week of life
Respiratory Rate of foals
≥60 at 5 minutes
60-80 for first 1-2 hours
30-40 for first month
MM foal
Dark pink to pink to pale pink
Mild icterus not uncommon
CRT of foals
1-2 sec
ear pinnae foal finding
Examine for icterus and petechiae
what is patent urachus
foal is urinating out through the umbilicus and their penis or vulva
how many hands would be considered a horse
14.5 hands high or greater
how many hands to be considered a pony
up to or less than 14.5 hh
Agalactia
the absence of milk production in an animal that should be producing milk.
