Humerus Flashcards
lesser tubercle muscle attachments
final rotator cuff muscle - subscapularis
intertubercular sulcus muscle attachment
tendon of long head of biceps brachii
muscle attachment to lip (edge) of intertubercular groove
tendons of: pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi
surgical neck fracture
direct blow to area / falling on outstretched hand
axillary nerve + posterior circumflex humeral artery
paralysis of deltoid + teres minor - pt can’t ABduct arm
regimental badge sensation area
2 bony landmarks of the shaft of humerus
deltoid tuberosity + radial groove
deltoid tuberosity
lateral humeral shaft roughened site for muscle attachment
Radial groove
shallow groove diagonally down
posterior surface
parallel to deltoid tuberosity
radial nerve + profunda brachii artery
Name muscles attached to humerus
anterior: coracobrachialis, brachialis, brachioradialis, deltoid
posterior: medial + lateral head of triceps
mid-shaft fracture
damage radial nerve + profunda brachii artery (both tightly around radial groove)
extensors of wrist paralysed - unopposed flexion (radial nerve damage) ‘wrist drop’
sensory lost: dorsal later 3 1/2 fingers
greater tubercle muscle attachments
3 rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
What does the lateral epicondyle attach to?
extensor muscles (origins)
what can be pulpated from the medial epicondyle?
the ulnar nerve along the posterior side of the medial epicondyle - ‘funny bone’
which part of the humerus articulates with the ulna?
trochea - medial side
which part of the humerus articulates with the radius?
capitulum - lateral
aside from the trochlea and the capitulum, what is also found in the distal portion of the humerus? what are their functions?
3 depressions: coronoid, radial, olecrannon fossae
accommodate forearm bones during movement at elbow
coronoid fossa: anterior medial
radial fossa: anterior lateral
olecrannon fossa: posterior fossa
distal humeral fracture - supracondylar fracture
falling on flexed elbows - transverse fracture (spans across both 2 epicondyles)
distal humeral fracture - direct damage
swelling and cutting off blood supply to forearm from damage to brachial artery (branches to radial and ulna) - results in ischaemia
ischaemia from distal humeral fracture
Volkmann’s ischaemic contracture
uncontrolled flexion of hand as flexors become short + fibrotic
can also be damage to medial (anterior forearm), ulna (hand) and radial (posterior forearm) nerves
medial epicondyle fracture
damage ulnar nerve (posterior medial epicondyle) –> ulnar claw - can’t extend medial 1 1/2 fingers
loss of sensation of medial 1 1/2 fingers: palmar + dorsal surfaces
