Hume's Sceptical Doubts on Knowledge and Justification

Question 1

Priori justification

Answer 1

Justification independent of sensory experience

Question 2

Posterior justification

Answer 2

justification based on sensory experience

Question 3

Relations of ideas

Answer 3

Truths discovered through reasoning, not experience

Question 4

Matter of fact

Answer 4

Claims about the world requiring sensory experience

Question 5

Justified Belief

Answer 5

Knowledge requiring truth and justification

Question 6

Cause and Effect

Answer 6

Relationship where one event leads to another

Question 7

Constant Conjunction

Answer 7

Repeated pairing of events leading to belief

Question 8

Skeptical Doubts

Answer 8

Questioning the justification for our beliefs

Question 9

Experience

Answer 9

Foundation for understanding cause and effect

Question 10

Induction

Answer 10

Reasoning from specific instances to general principles

Question 11

Contradiction

Answer 11

Denial of a true relations of ideas claim

Question 12

Habit

Answer 12

Forming beliefs based on repeated experiences

Question 13

Justification for beliefs

Answer 13

Requires sensory experience and memory

Question 14

Billiard Balls Example

Answer 14

Illustrates cause and effect through physical interaction

Question 15

Future Resemblance

Answer 15

Belief that future events mirror past ones

Question 16

Radical idea

Answer 16

Beliefs formed from habitual experiences, not proof

Question 17

Letter from friend

Answer 17

Example of belief justified by past communication

Question 18

Inhabited Island

Answer 18

Belief based on physical evidence found

Question 19

Principle of cause and effect

Answer 19

Assumption underlying our reasoning about events

Question 20

Knowledge limitations

Answer 20

Cannot prove cause and effect a priori

Question 21

Hume’s negative point

Answer 21

No clear justification from the principle of cause

Question 22

Hume’s positive point

Answer 22

Impossibility of supplying justification for cause

Question 23

Experience presupposition

Answer 23

Conclusions from experience rely on cause and effect

Question 24

Philosophical inquiry

Answer 24

Exploration of justification and knowledge

Question 25

David Hume

Answer 25

Philosopher known for skepticism about knowledge

Question 26

Generalization

Answer 26

Inferring broader truths from specific experiences

Question 27

Underlying Grid

Answer 27

Metaphor for rules governing the world

Question 28

Justification

Answer 28

Reasoning supporting beliefs about the world

Question 29

Circular Reasoning

Answer 29

Argument where conclusion presupposes its premise

Question 30

Sensory Experience

Answer 30

Knowledge gained through the senses

Question 31

Belief Formation

Answer 31

Creating beliefs based on past observations

Question 32

Rational Basis

Answer 32

Logical foundation for beliefs and claims

Question 33

Past Experience

Answer 33

Historical events used to predict future outcomes

Question 34

Philosophical Skepticism

Answer 34

Doubt about the certainty of knowledge

Question 35

Habitual Belief

Answer 35

Beliefs formed through repeated experiences