Humanistic Approach

Question 1

Who created the humanistic approach?

Answer 1

Maslow
Rogers

Question 2

Name the key assumptions of the humanistic approach.

Answer 2

• Humans have free will
• Every individual is unique
• People should be viewed holistically
• Scientific methods are not appropriate to measure behaviour

Question 3

What is Maslow’s theory called?

Answer 3

Hierarchy of needs

Question 4

What is the hierarchy of needs?

Answer 4

A ranked list of needs required for psychological development that are presented in ascending order
Must have completed all requirements on one level to move to the next

Question 5

Name the levels of hierarchy of needs in ascending order.

Answer 5

Psychological needs
Safety and security
Love and belonging
Self esteem
Self actualisation

Question 6

Name the requirements for psychological needs.

Answer 6

Breathing
Food
Water
Shelter
Clothing
Sleep

Question 7

Name the requirements for safety and security.

Answer 7

Health
Employment
Property
Family
Social ability

Question 8

Name the requirements for love and belonging.

Answer 8

Friendship
Family
Intimacy
Sense of connection

Question 9

Name the requirements for self-esteem.

Answer 9

Confidence
Achievement
Respect of others
The need to be a unique individual

Question 10

What are these levels referred to as?

Answer 10

Deficiency needs to be

Question 11

Name the requirements for self-actualisation.

Answer 11

Morality
Creativity
Spontaneity
Acceptance
Experience purpose
Meaning
Inner potential

Question 12

What is self-actualisation?

Answer 12

The state in which people achieve their full potential and are fully aware of the world around them

Question 13

What two basic needs did Rogers emphasise?

Answer 13

Self-worth
Unconditional positive regard

Question 14

What is incongruence?

Answer 14

The degree of disparity between one’s actual self (the way you think you are) and one’s ideal self (the way you would like to be)

Question 15

What is congruence?

Answer 15

When one’s actual self and one’s ideal self are close in comparison

Question 16

What are conditions of worth?

Answer 16

The conditions we think we must meet in order for other people to accept us as worthy of their love or positive regard

Question 17

What is free will?

Answer 17

The notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by biological or external forces

Question 18

What is client-centred therapy?

Answer 18

A therapy whereby the client is encouraged to develop positive self regard and overcome the mismatch between their actual self and ideal self
The therapist is encouraged to have no judgment and unconditional positive regard towards the client

Question 19

What is gestalt therapy?

Answer 19

A therapy where the aim is to help the violent become a whole (gestalt) person by getting them to accept every aspect of themselves Techniques of gestalt therapy include confrontation, dream analysis and role playing

Question 20

What are the strengths of the humanistic approach?

Answer 20

• Emphasises free will
• Places individual’s subjective experiences at its center
• It is holistic

Question 21

What are the weaknesses of the humanistic approach?

Answer 21

• Lacks empirical evidence
• Idiographic so cannot be studied objectively
• Not scientific
• Non-falsifiable