humanistic approach Flashcards
how does humanistic psychology differ from other approaches?
by focusing on conscious experience rather than on behaviour, on personal reeponsibility and free will rather than on determinism, and on discussin of experience rather than on use of the experimental method
who was it developed by?
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
when was it developed?
the 1950s
what topics are humanistic pscyhology concerned with?
topics that are meaningful to human beings and emphasises the importance of the individuals striving toward personal fulfilment
FREE WILL
what do humanistic psychologists emphaise people have?
free will
what is free will?
the idea that people have full conscious control over their own destiny
what are we subject to that affects free will?
other forces, including biological and societal influences
what do humanistic psychologists believe we can do with the constraints imposed by these forces?
mae significant personal choices
MASLOW’S THEORY
when did Maslow develop his theory
1943
what was Maslow interested in?
finding out what could go right with people
what does the hierachy of needs emphasise?
the importance of personal growth and fulfilment
what is the motivatinal theory often displayed as?
a pyramid
what is represented at the bottom of the pyramid?
the most basic, physiological needs
what is represented at the top of the pyramid?
the most advanced needs
how can a person move up to a higher need?
each level must be fulfilled
what does Maslow argue what happens when a need is more basic?
the more powerfully it is experienced and the more difficult it is to ignore
what are the 5 needs in the hierarchy?
- physiological
- safety
- love/belonging
- esteem
- self-actualisation
what are 7 physiological needs?
- breathing
- food
- water
- sex
- sleep
- homeostatis
- excretion
what are safety needs?
security of body, employment, resources, morality, the family, health and property
what are 3 love/belonging needs
- friendship
- family
- sexual intimacy
what are 5 esteem needs?
- self-esteem
- confidence
- achievement
- respect of others
- respect by others
what are 6 self-actualisation needs?
- morality
- creativty
- spontaneity
- problem solving
- lack of prejudice
- acceptance of facts