humanistic approach Flashcards
humanistic approach
an approach to understanding human nature that emphasizes the importance of subjective experience and each persons capacity for self determination
humanistic psychology
Claims that human beings are essentially self determining and have free will. This does not mean that people are not affected by external internal influences, but we are active agents who have the ability to determine our own development.
self actualisation
every person has innate tendency to achieve their full potential to become the best they can possibly be
uppermost level of maslow hierachy,
all 4 lower levels of Maslow’s hierarchy must be met before the individual can work towards self actualisation and fulfil their potential
humanistic psychologist regard personal growth as an essential part of what is to be human
free will
The notion that human can make a choices and are not determined by internal biological or external forces
hierarchy of needs
A five levelled hierarchical sequence in which basic psychological needs must be satisfied before higher psychological needs must be satisfied before higher psychological needs can be achieved.
self
ideas and values that characterise ‘i’ and ‘me’ and includes perception and valuing of ‘what I am’ and ‘what I can do’.
congruence
The aim of rogerian therapy when the self-concept and ideal self are seen to broadly accord or match
conditions of worth
When parents set boundaries or limits on their love for their child, by claiming I will only love you if
this is storing up psychological problems for that child in the future
Rogers saw one of his roles as an effective therapist as being able to provide his clients with the unconditional positive regard that they had failed to receive as children
Rogers and Maslow reject…
scientific models that attempt to establish general principles of human behavior as active agents, we are all unique
psychology should concern itself the study of subjective experience, rather than general laws referred to as person centered approach.
The self, congruence and conditions of worth
for personal growth to be achieved an individuals concept of self the way they see themselves must be broadly equivalent to or have congruence with the ideal self
If too big of a gap exist between the two selves, the person will experience a state of incongruence and self actualisation will not be possible due to the negative feelings of self-worth
client-centered therapy
a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)
Used to reduce the gap between the self-concept, and the ideal self to help people cope with the problems of every day living
unconditional positive regard
according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person
lack of this is in childhood causes worthlessness in adults
strength of the humanistic approach
P - practical applications
E - may have relatively little real world applications
E - used in UK + US similar ideas
L - useful in benefitting real lives
limitation of the humanistic approach
P - unscientific
E - focus on immeasurable ideas - no controlled conditions
E - poorly operationalized
L - is no supported by true evidence
