Humanistic Approach Flashcards
What does the humanistic approach focus on?
focuses on a more positive aspect of personality development, focusing on an individual’s potential and drive towards healthy growth and development
what does Abraham Maslow mean by Instinctoid tendencies?
the innate tendencies in humans to have healthy growth and development which are weak and easily overcome by negative emotional influences
What two types of human motivation did Maslow suggest?
-deficiency motives: our basic needs to fulfil such as hunger and safety which reduce in intensity as they are met
-growth motives/ b-motives: unique needs concerned with developing potential which gain intensity as they are met
What is does Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs suggest? what is it composed of?
shows a hierarchy of needs which shows the importance of needs in terms of our survival. some needs need to be acknowledged before others - starting with lower level survival needs to seeking gratification
- physiological needs
-safety needs
-belongingness and love needs
-esteem needs
-self-actualisation
What does Carl Roger’s Person-Centred Theory suggest?
Roger’s theory acknowledges the influence that experience plays on personality development but focuses on future goals and self-actualisation to be the main influence on an individual’s current behaviour - having power to shape their own lives
why does Roger’s adopt a phenomenological approach?
he believes that our reality is based on our own perception which is dependent on our mood, type of person, beliefs, past experiences, etc
What is Roger’s view on self-actualisation?
it is our positive drive to develop and realise potential with biological and psychological motivators. he suggests that psychological problems are the result of self-actualising potential being blocked
What does Roger’s mean by the real self and self-concept?
our real self is our genetic blueprint of the person we are capable of becoming if development occurs in totally favourable circumstances whereas the self-concept is the sense of self developed from conditions of worth/ self-perception based on external evaluations (socially constructed)
what is unconditional positive regard and how does it relate to conditions of worth?
unconditional positive regard is the act of accepting and valuing someone for just being. Conditions of worth arises when an individual receives conditional positive regard - only being accepted or valued when you do what others want you to do.
limitations of Roger’s theory
-its focus on individual observations and client’s self assessment causes a lack of objective measurement
-some concepts are difficult to define and measure such as unconditional positive regard
What is meant by organismic valuing?
the innate bodily processes that evaluate what experiences are right and wrong for the individual to meet our self-actualising tendencies
Rogers believed that positive and negative evaluation by others cause children to develop internal standards of evaluation called ….
conditions of worth
