Human Variation Flashcards
It is the distinctive characteristic that defines an individual or is shared by those belonging to a particular group
identity
are two of the primary factors that shape the behavior of human groups
environmental and history
It connotes membership of a person, in the country, describing his/her connection with the political state.
nationality
Basis of identification for nationality is
by birth or by inheritance
is granted to an individual by the government of the country, when he/she complies with the legal formalities.
citizenship
it is either jus soli or jus sanguinis.
by birth
jus soli meaning
right of the soil
jus sanguinis meaning
right of blood
the process of becoming or making someone a citizen of a country that they were not born in.
by naturalization
It refers to the person’s identity in relation to the SOCIAL , CULTURAL or RELIGIOUS group.
ethnicity
Bases of identification for ethnicity are through:
language, religion, culture, race
It refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women
gender
refers to the biological characteristics of humans such as male or female
sex
- a person with this gender is inclined to be sexually attracted to a person of the opposite sex.
heterosexual
- a person who is sexually attracted to a person of the same sex.
homosexual
- a person who is attracted to both sexes.
bisexual
-person whose gender identity does not match up with his/her assigned sex.
transgender
- a person who feels that he/she is not the gender which he/she was assigned, and can be addressed through medical sexual reassignment.
transsexual
- a broad term that is inclusive of people who are not straight and cisgender
queer
- a general term used for a variety of situations in which a person is born with reproductive or sexual anatomy that doesn’t fit the boxes of “male” or “female”
intersex
- a person who is totally incapable of being attracted to any sex.
asexual
- a person who is attracted to multiple types of gender.
polysexual
- a person who accommodates all types of gender
pansexual
It refers to the category of persons who have more or less the same socioeconomic
privileges in a society
socioeconomic class
- they are considered the most productive in terms of resource generation and oftentimes very successful in their respective fields of interests and endeavors. The elite has two general types: the new rich/nouveau riche and the old rich/traditional upper class.
upper class
- composed of small business and industry operators mostly owners and managers, professionals, office workers, and farm owners with income sufficient enough to provide a comfortable and decent living.
middle class
- are the farm employees, skilled and unskilled artisans, service workers, and people who may be unemployed or underemployed or those who belong to indigent families or informal sectors.
lower class
• It refers to an organized system of ideas about the spiritual sphere or the supernatural, associated along with ceremonial or ritualistic practices by which people try to interpret and/or influence aspects of the universe otherwise beyond human control.
religion
- belief in the existence of one God.
monotheism
- belief in the existence of multiple gods and goddesses.
polytheism
- disbelieving or lacking belief in the existence of God.
atheism
- belief that the nature and existence of gods is unknown and inherently unknowable due to the nature of subjective experience.
agnosticism
It refers to the set of attitudes and practices that an individual adheres to in relation to the political systems and actors within his or her society.
political identity
• It refers to the state of being intellectually
gifted and/or having physically or mentally challenged conditions concerning personality/behavior, communication, intellect, physical
Combination of mare than one specific exceptionality or disability.
exceptionality
is a perspective that promotes an individual’s culture as the most efficient and superior; hence the individual who exhibits ethnocentrism feels that his or her culture is the most appropriate as compared with other cultures.
ethnocentrism
promotes the perspective that cultures must be understood in the context of their locality
cultural relativism
