Human Skeleton Flashcards
Chondrocytes receive nutrients in?
Diffusion through matrix
What is Chondroblast?
Hyaline cartilage, the cells that produce new matrix.
What are the basic functions of bones?
They provide structural support and serve as a framework for the entire body.
What is Hemopoiesis?
It is the process of blood cell production.
Why is calcium important to your bones?
Calcium is an essential mineral for such body functions as muscle contraction, blood clotting, and nerve signal transmission.
Bones are??
They support, movement, Hemopoiesis, and storage of minerals (vitaminD) and energy reserve.
Lipids are stored in?
In yellow bone marrow, in the shaft of some adults long bones.
Define Long Bone
Greater length than width. Features of long bone are shaft or Diaphysis that provide for the leverage and major weight support for a long bone.
Where is red marrow found in an adult skeleton?
Skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, ossa coxae.
4 types of cells found in bone connective tissue
Osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
Define osteoprogenitor cells
Derived from mesenchyme, when they divide through the process of mitosis, another stem cell is produced along with a “committed cell” that matures to become an osteoblasts.
Define Osteoblasts
Formed from osteoprogenitor , often positioned side by side on bone surfaces, perform an important task of synthesizing and secreting the semisolid organic form of bone matrix called OSTEOID.
Define Osteocytes
Mature bone cells derived from osteoblasts that have lost their bone forming ability when enveloped by calcified OSTEOID. Functions are to maintain the bone matrix and detect mechanical stress on a bone.
Define Osteoclasts
Are involved in breaking down bone in an important process called bone resorption.
Composition of bone matrix
Matrix of bone has both organic and inorganic components. The organic component is osteoid, which is produced by osteoblasts. The inorganic component of the bone matrix is made up of salt crystals that are primarily CALCIUM PHOSPHATE.
