Human Sciences Flashcards
Behaviorism
the doctrine that the objective acts of persons and animals are the chief or only subject matter of scientific psychology.
Bear Market
a market in which more traders on a stock exchange want to sell than want to buy, with the result that prices of stocks fall.
Bias
a slanting or oblique line
Bull Market
a generally rising market.
Free Will
is whether, and in what sense, rational agents exercise control over their actions and decisions
Going native
an assimilation process of abandoning former social norms
Holism
is the idea that all the properties of a given system (biological, chemical, social, economic, mental, linguistic, etc.) cannot be determined or explained by the sum of its component parts alone. Instead, the system as a whole determines in an important way how the parts behave.
Human free will
understand free will as the capacity unique to persons that allows them to control their actions.
Law of large numbers
a theorem in probability that describes the long-term stability of a random variable. Given a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables with a finite population mean and variance, the average of these observations will eventually approach and stay close to the population mean.
Loaded question
these facts are presupposed by the question, and if it has not been agreed upon by the speakers before, the question is improper, and the fallacy of many questions has been committed.
Mirror Test
The test gauges self-awareness by determining whether an animal can recognize its own reflection in a mirror as an image of itself.
1970 Gordon “The Gorilla” Gallup Jr.
Nature v Nature
relative importance of an individual’s innate qualities (“nature”) versus personal experiences (“nurture”) in determining or causing individual differences in physical and behavioral traits. T
Observer Effect
how people change their behavior when aware of being watched (see Hawthorne effect).
Phillips Curve
an historical inverse relation and tradeoff between the rate of unemployment and the rate of inflation in an economy.
post hoc ergo proper hoc fallacy
assumes or asserts that if one event happens after another, then the first must be the cause of the second.