Human Rights Flashcards
Definition of human rights
Human rights are the rights that all individuals are entitled to no matter the nationality, race,sex, ethnic origin etc.
Human rights and the law
Human rights are universal and are often expressed and guaranteed by the law
Human rights (7)
- the abolition of slavery
- trade unionism and labor rights
- universal suffrage
- universal education
- self-determination
- environmental rights
- peace rights
definition of universal
Enjoyed by all regardless of nationality, race, gender or status
Definition of indivisible
All human rights are equally important
Definition of inherent
These rights are the birth right of all humans
Definition of inalienable
They can not be given up or taken away
Legislation surrounding slavery
The emancipation Act 1833
-which abolished slavery throughout British colonies
British slavery
Slave trading continued after the abolition of slavery
if captains were caught with slaves they were ordered to throw them over board
Parliament passed the slavery abolition act in 1833
Giving slaves in the British empire their freedom back
The British government paid compensation to the slave owners
United States of America slavery
Slave ownership was one of the key disputes of the American civil war
In 1863, Abraham Lincoln declared that all slaves be considered free
The 13th amendment to the United States constitution formally outlawed slavery in 1865
Definition of Universal education
The right of all people to a basic education
Side note: People recognise the link between the importance of EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS
Definition of Environmental rights
Environmental rights are an extension of the basic human rights that human kind require and deserve
Access to: natural resources, land, shelter, food, water and air
And a safe and sustainable environment
Definition of peace rights
The maintenance of international peace and security.
Definition of state sovereignty
Nations have the right to govern themselves and make laws without interference by other nations
Slavery definition
Article 4 of the UDHR
“No one shall be held in slavery or servitude;slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms”
A type of forced labour in which a person is considered to be a legal property of another
Universal suffrage
Article 21 of the UDHR
- men’s suffrage
- womens suffrage
- race suffrage
Is the right to vote in democratic societies
Education
Article 26 of the UDHR
Right to education
Trade union
Article 23 of the UDHR
“Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests”
Conventional labour was the legal means of securing large groups of workers
UDHR
Universal declaration of human rights
Universal declaration of human rights
The UDHR was needed in order to recognise human rights in order to promote universal respect and create fundamental freedom for all
Declaration definition
A declaration is a non-binding formal statement relating to a particular issue or set of issues agreed to by a group of states
Convention definition
A convention is an international agreement between parties that are subject to international law (binding)
Australian human rights commission
Courts and tribunals
Independent body established by the human rights act 1986
Deals with alleged violations of human rights
Promotes awareness of glam rights issues
High court of Australia
Most of the human rights body as it has the power to set binding precedent and can over turn stage and commonwealth legislation
Charter of rights for Australia
Shows how human rights are protected under common and statute law
Human rights charters
While the rights are protected under the UDHR and the
ICCPR
ICESCR
ICCPR- international convenant of civil and political rights
ICESCR- international convenant of economic, social and cultural rights
Common law and human rights
Common law has the power to protect human rights
Common law can be removed by statute law
Statute law
Comes from international treaties and established independently by state or federal parliaments
