Human Resources Flashcards
Why are people considered a resource?
Human beings are the most important resource of a nation. They are significant because, without utilizing their brains, the other resources of nature would not have found any utility. In other words, human resource is the ultimate resource.
What are the causes of the uneven distribution of population in the world?
Population density depends on the climate and topography of a place. Very few people live in high-altitude areas, tropical deserts, mountainous regions, and forest areas, whereas a large number of people reside in plains. The factors influencing population distribution include:
Geographical factors: Fertility of soils, availability of fresh water, minerals, and other natural resources.
Social factors: Better housing, education, and healthcare facilities increase population density.
Cultural and historical factors: Places with cultural, historical, or religious significance are usually populated.
Economic factors: Employment opportunities attract large numbers of people to specific regions.
What is meant by population composition?
The structure of the population with various aspects like age, sex, literacy, occupation, healthcare, and economic condition is called population composition.
Why has the world population grown rapidly?
The world population has grown rapidly due to better food supplies, improved medical facilities and reduced death rates while birth rates remain almost the same.
The difference between birth rate and death rate is called natural growth rate, which remains high due to advancements in food and medical facilities.
Migration also affects population growth, as too many people move from one country to another, increasing the population of countries with less emigration.
Discuss the role of any two factors influencing population change.
Geographical factors: People prefer to live on plains rather than mountains or plateaus, and they settle in moderate climates rather than extreme hot or cold regions. From an agricultural point of view, fertile lands are preferred. Areas with mineral deposits are more populated.
Economic factors: People prefer to live in industrial areas since they provide more and better employment opportunities. Due to this, industrial cities are densely populated.
What are population pyramids? How do they help us understand the population of our country?
A population pyramid, also called an age-sex pyramid, represents the distribution of the population based on age and sex. It helps in understanding:
- The division of the population into various age groups like 5-9 years, 10-14 years, etc.
- The percentage of males and females in each age group.
- The number of dependents (young and old) along with the number of economically active people.
- The health, economic, and social structure of a country by indirectly reflecting the birth rate and death rate in terms of age and sex.
A population pyramid with a broad base and a narrow top indicates a high birth rate but also a high death rate, meaning many individuals do not survive to adulthood. Kenya shows such a pyramid, indicating a high population growth rate.
In countries like India, where the death rate is decreasing, the pyramid is broad in the younger age groups and gradually narrows, showing a steadily growing population.
What is the distribution of population?
The way in which people are spread across the Earth’s surface is known as the pattern of population distribution.
What is the density of population?
Population density is the number of people living in a unit area of the Earth’s surface.
What is the average density of population in India?
382 persons per square kilometer.
What is a population pyramid?
A population pyramid, also called an age-sex pyramid, is a graphical representation of the population’s age and gender distribution.
