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PHR Exam Subject Reviews - 2023 > Human Resource Management > Flashcards

Human Resource Management Flashcards

1
Q

__________ is the process of how an organization undergoes to manage people in order to achieve its goals.

A

Human Resource Management

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2
Q

What is the objective of a HR Dept?

A

What human resource department is to make sure the company has and retains people with the skills necessary to accomplish the company’s goals.

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3
Q

What are the five areas of HRM Responsibilities?

A

C - Compensation
H - Human resource development
E - Employee and labor relations
S - Safety and health
S - Staff

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4
Q

What HRM responsibilities ensures the right number of people with the right types of skills are at hand to achieve the organization’s goals?

A

Staffing:

involves making sure the organization has sufficient people with the right skills to achieve the organization’s objectives. It includes job analysis, planning, recruitment and selection of employees.

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5
Q

What HRM responsibility involves delivering blended learning, performance management, and leading change initiatives in an organization?

A

Human resource development :

is about developing people to maximize their effectiveness. This involves training, organizational development, as well as performance appraisals.

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6
Q

What type(s) of compensation may be included in a human resource compensation system?

A

Direct, indirect and non-financial compensation

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7
Q

Neotiating with a union would fall under which of the following HR responsibiligties?

A

Employee and labor relations

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8
Q

The human relations movement that started in the 1920s focused on finding ways to increase worker satisfaction in order to _____?

A

Improve employee productivity

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9
Q

Who was responsible for the development and welfare of workers in the craft system?

A

The master

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10
Q

Which event brought about a dramatic shift in the manner in which people worked?

A

The Industrial Revolution

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11
Q

Human Resource Management

What were the three skill levels under the craft system?

A

Master, journeyman, and apprentice

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12
Q

Human Resource Management

Which movement tried to improve employee productivity through studying the most efficient manner to perform a work task?

A

Scientific management:

offered a systematic approach to managing employees that was based upon principles of science, engineering and math.

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13
Q

_________ is the intangible skills, knowledge education and abilities that an employee has. An example would be a person with an advanced degree and certifications in the field they work in.

A

Human capital

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14
Q

HRM

What are the main categories of human capital?

A

E - Education
T - Training, skills,
I - Intelligence,
C - Cummincation,
M - Mangement,
L - Loyalty
W - Wellbeing.

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15
Q

What is the concept of human capital?

A

The concept of human capital is that the abilities, skills, and knowledge that each employee has is something that can be measured and contribute to productivity.
This means that investments in employee training, education, health and compensation will help improve overall productivity.

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16
Q

Several Types of Human Capital

A
  • Education
  • Training
  • Intelligence and Problem Solving
  • Skills
  • Loyalty
  • Morale and Well-being
  • Management Ability
  • Miscellaneous
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17
Q

What is the best way that human resource department can retain human capital?

A

Through a good compensation system

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18
Q

Human capital can be developed by a company’s human resource management through _____.

A

Human capital can be developed by a company’s human resource management through a program of training and education - both inside and outside the organiztion.

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19
Q

Which defenition best defines human capital?

A

Knowledge and skills held by employees that the company can use to further its goals

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20
Q

Define Poaching human capital

A

Company risks having their employees with essential knowledge and skills ‘stolen’ away by competitors who offer better compensation and other benefits.

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21
Q

Which is an example of human capital acquisition?

A

Hiring people:

You acquire human capital by hiring people; you develop human capital by training or education people you already employ.

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22
Q

The _ basically considers human capital a factor of production that needs to be invested in.

Economist Adam Smith studied human capital in the 1800s, but the term came around in the 1960s when modern theories were being defined.

A

Human Capital Theory

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23
Q

I Human Capital an asset for the Company?

A

Yes.

Human capital is an asset that includes intangible attributes of employees like the knowledge and skills held by the employees that the company can use to increase production.

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24
Q

____________ is a group of people mandated to manage employees regarding payment and how they are hired and fired.

A

Human resource (HR) is a group of people mandated to manage employees regarding payment and how they are hired and fired.

25
Q

________ is how an organization divides tasks, controls, and coordinates them to achieve the organization’s goal.

A

Organization structure:

Organization structure is how an organization divides tasks, controls, and coordinates them to achieve the organization’s goal.

26
Q

Organizational is divided into what two manin organizational structures?

A
  1. Flat organization structure
  2. Hierarchical organization structure
27
Q

Which organizational stucture is a human resource team structure with few or no people in the middle management?

A

Flat organization structure:

Flat organization stucture is a human resource team structure with few or no people in the middle management.

28
Q

Which organizational stucture is a human resource team structure with consists of a CEO is at the top, with various management departments underneath?

A

Hierarchical organization structure

Hierarchical organizational stucture is a human resource team structure with consists of a CEO is at the top, with various management departments underneath?

29
Q

Name some of the HR department’s various functions?

A

The HR department has various functions, including health and safety, recruiting, compensation and benefits administration, outsourcing HR functions, training and development, and employee and labor relations.

30
Q

What department is responsible for the recruitment of employees, ensuring all employees are compensated, and ensuring workplace safety?

A

HR departments:

The three major responsibilities of the HR department are the recruitment of employees, ensuring all employees are compensated, and ensuring workplace safety.

31
Q

What are the 5 (five) main areas of HR?

A

The *five main areas of the HR department *are

  • Recruiting,
  • Compensation
  • Benefits administration,
  • Outsourcing HR functions,
  • Training and development,
  • Employee and labor relations &
  • Health and safety
32
Q

Background checks are usually performed by what type of HR unit?

A

Recruitment

33
Q

The unit typically handles tuition reimbursement.

A

Compensation and Benefits

34
Q

How is the Employee Relations Unit different from the Training and Development Unit?

A
  • The Employee Relations Unit deals with employee grievances
  • Training and Development Unit focuses on running new employee orientation
35
Q

Human Resource Management (HRM), company policy and methods in managing employees, is influenced by a variety of external factors. Define S.T.E.P?

A

Oftentimes, these external factors are outside of the control of organization. These influences include the social and cultural, technological, economic, and political and legal environments. One way to remember these factors is to link them to the word S.T.E.P.

S for ‘social and cultural’

T for ‘technological’

E for ‘economic’

P for ‘political and legal’

36
Q

The passage of a new minimum wage by Congress is an example of what type of external factor?

A

An increase in the minimum wage is a legal mandate. It may have economic effects, but it is a legislative act.

37
Q

Benny has just retired at the age of 65 and has been working as an Accounts Clerk since the age of 22. He often mentions that money was the King when he started working, but noticed that there has been a shift in attitude recently where work-life balancing is considered to be more important.

What is primarily attributable to this shift in attitude?

A

The social and cultural environment

38
Q

A rise in the unemployment rate is linked to _____.

A

economic factors

39
Q

Why is it possible for HR to outsource to a lower-cost labor market?

A

Because of the effect of globalization

40
Q

While HRM is focused on aligning its activities with the company’s goals, personnel management is focused on which of the following?

A

Maintaining records and administrative functions

41
Q

Which are some examples of distinctions between HRM and personnel management?

A
  • The degree of alignment between the activities of HRM and personnel management and the company’s strategy and goals.
  • The manner in which employees are viewed by HRM and personnel management
  • Critics say there is no meaningful difference between HRM and personnel management
42
Q

How does human resource management view employees?

A

HRM views employees as a resource often referred to as human capital. Human capital is the sum of knowledge, skills, and abilities a person possesses that an organization can use to advance its goals.

43
Q

Which are some examples of commonalities between HRM and personnel management?

A

Both attempt to align their policies, practices, and activities with the organization’s strategy.

While the philosophical approaches to managing people within an organization may differ, both personnel management and HRM engage in many of the same functions, such as staffing, planning, training and development, compensation and benefit administration, policy development and employee relations.

44
Q

Define Personnel Management Role?

A

Personnel management involves using the workforce within the organization as a basic tool in order to achieve company goals. Characteristics of PM are defined by doing the following:

  • Making sure that work is adequately divided as a means to use all employees as a commodity or instruments to get a job done
  • Traditionally pays employees according to job evaluation
  • Somewhat detached from the core activities of the organization
  • Focused on record-keeping and other administrative functions
  • Employees usually participate in collective bargaining if they want to seek change
  • Routine and traditional functions- hire & train, employ for a period, and let employees go when they are no longer needed
  • Reactive-based on short-term problem solving and mediation
  • Only involves personnel managers
  • Based on personnel procedures and rules
  • Transactional management
45
Q

Human Resource Management Definition?

A

Human Resource Management (HRM) is the strategic management of employees within an organization. Human resource managers tend to focus on the best use of the organization’s manpower to meet their goals in an efficient and seamless way.

  • Human resource management views employees as resources and essential to the organization. Characteristics of HRM are defined by the following:
  • Work is divided by ability, with some doing more than others
  • Traditionally paid according to job performance
  • Practices are directly aligned with the function and goal of the organization
  • Employees are contract-based
  • Common ground is promoted to enhance personal work and company productivity
  • Focus is on organizational needs with fast decision-making
  • Strategic and modern functions-employees are valued, used, and preserved
  • Proactive-based on strategic planning and employee planning
  • Involves all managerial personnel
  • Based on the culture and values of the organization
  • Transformational management
46
Q

How many Different Generations are currently in the work force?

A

4 (four)

A generation refers to a group of people who are born and grow up within the same time frame, usually around 30 years.

47
Q

What time frame and characteristics of the Traditionalist generation?

A

Traditionalists:
(1901-1945)

Over the years, this generation has become the result of blending the Greatest Generation (1901 - 1924) and the Silent Generation (1925 - 1945). Traditionalists experienced things like the tail end of the Great Depression and the two World Wars.

They experienced tough times when younger but began to see some prosperity toward the end of the period.

48
Q

What time frame and characteristics of the Baby Boomer generation?

A

Baby Boomers -
(1946-1964)

Baby Boomers are individuals that were born during a period of increased birth rates following World War II.

Their experiences helped to shape our country; issues such as the sexual revolution, the Vietnam War, and the emergence and development of civil rights also shaped how these individuals think and view the world.

49
Q

What time frame and characteristics of the Generation X generation?

A

Gen Xers -
(1965 - 1980)

These individuals experienced, in many ways, a very tumultuous time, with the issues of the day being things such as:
* Watergate,
* The development of ‘latchkey kids’ (children who came home from school and did not have a parent home when they got there due to dual-income families),
* the energy crisis.

50
Q

What time frame and characteristics of the Millennials generation?

A

Millennials (a.k.a Generation Y)
(1980 - 1996)

They saw an explosion in technology but also saw many issues of the day that most certainly impacted how they view the world, including issues such as AIDS, school shootings, and terrorist attacks.

51
Q

What time frame and characteristics of the Generation Z generation?

A

Generation Z:
(1997 - 2012)

this generation is most notably the social media awareness generation with cell phones and other technology booming during this time. They are also a generation of activists for climate change. The older of generation Z experienced online education and are now in the workforce experiencing flexibility with remote work versus on site employment.

52
Q

Name the Generation whose main values are:

  • adherence to rules,
  • discipline,
  • family focus,
  • hard work, &
  • trust in the government
A

Traditionalists:
(1901-1945)

53
Q

Name the Generation whose main values are:
* Anti-war,
* anti-government,
* equal rights,
* involvement, &
* personal gratification

A

Baby Boomers -
(1946-1964)

54
Q

Name the Generation whose main values are:
* Balance,
* diversity,
* lack of loyalty to an organization, &
* a global mindset

A

Gen Xers -
(1965 - 1980)

55
Q

Name the Generation whose main values are:
* Achievement,
* fun,
* civic duty,
* sociability, &
* self-confidence

A

Millennials (a.k.a Generation Y)
(1980 - 1996)

56
Q

Name the Generation whose main values are:
* Environmentally conscious,
* tech-savvy, &
* socially aware.

A

Generation Z:
(1997 - 2012)

57
Q

Which generation has been most shaped by the explosion in technology?

A

Millennials (a.k.a Generation Y)
(1980 - 1996)

58
Q

Which generation has the strongest anti-war and anti-government values?

A

Baby Boomers -
(1946-1964)

59
Q

People who experienced the tail end of Great Depression and World Wars I and II are called

A

Traditionalists:
(1901-1945)

PHR Exam Subject Reviews - 2023 (3 decks)

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