Human reproduction ch55 Flashcards
Deals with the contribution that heredity makes it behave
Behavioral genetics
The presentation of two different kinds of stimuli causes the animal to form an association between the stimuli. Also called Pavlovian Conditioning
Classical conditioning
When an animal learns to associate it behavior with a reward or punishment
Operant conditioning
When an animal is maturing it forms social attachments to other individuals or develops preferences that will influence it later in life
Imprinting
Social attachments that form between parents and offspring
Filial conditioning
An innate program that guides them (birds) to learn the appropriate song.
Genetic template
Organisms that rely on others to raise their young
Brood parasites
Suggests animals process information and respond in a manner that suggests thinking is widely supported
Cognitive behavior
When animals produce signals to communicate with potential mates
Courtship
The study of how natural selection shapes behavior.
The field examines the adaptive significance of behavior or how behavior may increase survival and reproduction.
Behavioral ecology
Natural selection favors individuals whose foraging behavior is energetically efficient as possible.
Animals tend to feed on prey that maximizes their net energy intake per unit of foraging time.
Optimal foraging theory
When an organism defends its home range and uses its resources exclusively
Territoriality
A set of behaviors that presumably have evolved to maximize reproductive success
Reproductive strategy
When offspring requires extensive care
Altrical
When an offspring requires little parental care
Precocial
Males- increases reproductive success
Females- mate with superior genetically superior individuals even if already paired with a male.
Extra-pair copulation’s (EPC’s)
Behavior that benefits another individual at costs of the actor.
Altruism
Giving help now for help later
Reciprocal altruism
Considers gene propagation through both direct (personal fitness) and indirect (the fitness of relatives) reproduction.
Inclusive fitness
May explain altruism in other animals
Kin selection
A group of organisms of the same species that are organized in a cooperative manner
Society
Can be analyzed in terms of mechanisms and evolutionary origin
Behavior
Emphasizes the study of instinct and it’s origins
Ethology
Artificial selection, hybrid, and twin studies link……..
Genes and behavior
