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Biology > Human Reproduction And Genetices > Flashcards

Human Reproduction And Genetices Flashcards

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0
Q

The Fallopian tube

A

Carrys the egg to the uterus fertilisation occurs here

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1
Q

Ovaries

A

Stores and release eggs

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2
Q

The uterus (womb)

A

When the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

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3
Q

The cervix

A

leads from vagina to the uterus

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4
Q

The vagina

A

Holds the male penis durning sexual intercourse form the birth canal during childbirth

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5
Q

Gametes

A

Sex cell

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6
Q

Male gamete

A

Sperm

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7
Q

Female gamete

A

Egg/ovum

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8
Q

Ovulation

A

An egg is released from the ovary an average of 28 days

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9
Q

Fertile period

A

The days of the menstrual cycle when the women is most likely to become pregnant (sperm can live in the female 2 or 3 days)

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10
Q

Testes

A

Produce sperm

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11
Q

Sperm duct

A

Brings the sperm from the testes to the penis

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12
Q

Glands and vesicles

A

Produces seminal fluid which mixes with the sperm to form Semen (allows sperm to swim)

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13
Q

Penis

A

Enters the female and ejaculates semen

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14
Q

Puberty

A

When the body starts becoming sexually mature (normally happens between the ages of 10-15)

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15
Q

Puberty (male)

A

Sex hormones are released causing the voice to deepen, hair grows around the sex organs, face, chest and underarms, the testes and penis is grow bigger and start to produce sperm.

16
Q

Puberty (female)

A

Sex hormones are released the breasts develop, hips widen, and hair grows on the body.

17
Q

Copulation

A

Another name for sexual intercourse

18
Q

Implantation

A

Occurs when the fertilised egg lodges itself on the lining of the uterus

19
Q

Zygote

A

Eggs and sperm fuse to form a single

20
Q

Embryo

A

Division of the zygote occurs and it grows. Attaches to the lining of the uterus (implantation)

21
Q

Foetus

A

After 8 weeks looked like a human

22
Q

Pregnancy

A

Average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks

23
Q

Amniotic fluid

A

Provides a cushion for the embryo, this bursts during delivery of the baby ‘waters breaking’

24
Q

Umbilical cord

A

joins the embryo to the placenta

25
Q

Placenta

A

It is rich in blood vessels it is here that food and oxygen from the mothers blood pas into the baby’s blood. Also waste such as carbon dioxide pass from the baby’s baby’s blood into the mothers.

26
Q

Birth

A

Begins when the uterus muscles start to contract. The bag of amniotic fluid bursts ‘waters busting’ and further contractions push the baby out usually head first. The umbilical cord is cut and placenta (afterbirth) comes out after.

27
Q

Labour

A

Muscles of the uterus contract

28
Q

Family planning

A

To control the number of children you have you need to control the number of time fertilisation takes place

29
Q

Natural methods of contraception

A

Aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoids intercourse during the fertile period

30
Q

Artificial methods of contraception

A

Prevent the sperms and egg meeting
Eg. Condoms which prevent sperm entering the vagina
Eg. Contraceptive pill which prevents ovulation

31
Q

Abstain

A

It is important to realise no method is 100% reliable to abstain (to not have sexual intercourse) from sex is the on, way to avoid pregnancy.

32
Q

Condom

A

Can prevent pregnancy and prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s) sexually transmitted infections (STI’s)

33
Q

Genetics

A

The study of inheritance of characteristics

34
Q

Chromosome

A

The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread like structure.

35
Q

Genes

A

Chemicals found on chromosome that pass on information from parent to child

36
Q

Chromosome are made of:

A

Protein and DNA (genes)

37
Q

DNA

A

DeoxyribonNucleic Acid

38
Q

Human body cells

A

23 pairs of chromosome (46 chromosome)

Biology (13 decks)

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