Human Reproduction and Care of Developing Fetus Flashcards
It is the union of the ovum and a spermatozoon, in the outer 3rd of the fallopian tube, in the ampullar segment
Fertilization
Known as the beginning of pregnancy
Fertilization
The mature ovum is surrounded by
ZONA PELLUCIDA and the CORONA RADIATA
What do the ZONA PELLUCIDA and the CORONA RADIATA do?
Both serve to increase the bulk of the ovum and serve as buffers against injury
is released by the sperm & dissolves the protective CORONA RADIATA
HYALURONIDASE
Multiple sperm enter leading to abnormal growth
HYDATIDIFORM MOLE
How does a zygote form?
After the process of entering through HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, the chromosome material then fuses and that’s how the zygote form.
T/F during ovulation, cervical mucus is large making the sperm able to penetrate it
F. The cervical mucus should be thin in order for the sperm to penetrate it
Sperms reach the cervix within 80 seconds & the outer end of the fallopian tube within 5 minutes after disposition
ORGASM
Sperm move by the wavelike movement of the flagella and uterine contractions through the cervix, body of the uterus into the fallopian tube toward the waiting ovum
PHONONES/Song of the sperm
changes in the plasma membrane of the sperm head, which reveal the sperm-binding receptor sites
Capacitation
It is large cells tend to collect at the periphery of the ball, leaving a fluid space surrounding an inner cell mass and is termed as
Blastocyst
What are the parts of the Blastocyst?
Trophoblast, embryoblast, and blastocyst cavity
How many days does the implantation (NIDATION) or contact between the blastocyst and the endometrium occur?
Occurs 8 to 10 days after fertilization
Promotes milk production
Prolactin
Relaxes CT of the symphysis pubis & pelvic ligaments promotes cervical dilatation
Relaxin (peptide hormone)
Potent, hormone-like fatty acid
Prostaglandins
What are the 3 phases of Implantation?
- Apposition
- Adhesion
- Invasion
blastocyst brushes against the endometrium
Apposition
blastocyst attaches to the surface of the endometrium
Adhesion
blastocyst settles down into the soft folds of the endometrium receiving the nourishment of glucogen, mucoprotein from the endometrial glands
Invasion
How does a zygote form once it is implanted?
Embryo
lies directly under the embryo (or the portion where the trophoblast cells are establishing communication with maternal blood vessels)
Decidua basalis
the portion that stretches or encapsulates the surface of the trophoblast
Decidua capsularis
The remaining portion of the uterine lining
Decidua vera
Supply nourishment only until implantation after which
Yolk Sac
What are the 2 layers of the outer portion?
syncytiotrophoblast & cytotrophoblast
outer layer or syncytial layer
syncytiotrophoblast
The inner layer, present at 12 days gestation and also called as Langhans Layer
cytotrophoblast
It provides a circulatory pathway that connects the embryo to CV of the placenta
Umbilical Cord
gelatinous mucopolysaccharide which gives the cord body & prevents pressure on the blood volume
Wharton’s jelly
Conception occurs in the fallopian tube, the most common site of which is the
Ampulla
The most common site of implantation is which part of the uterus
Uterine fundus, posterior portion
The period from two weeks to two months following fertilization is the stage of the
Embryo
Callie, 18 years of age, asks how much longer her nurse will refer to the baby inside her as an embryo. The nurse is correct in saying that the conceptus is classified as an embryo
From implantation until 5 to 8 weeks
