Human Reproduction Flashcards
Reproduction
The production of new individuals
Asexual reproduction
Production of pffspring from one parent only
Sexual repression
The production of offspring from two parents
What do the testis do
Makes sperm
What do boys bodies do during puberty
Enlargements of penis and testis
What is the scrotum
A sac in which the testes are held
Sperm ducts
Carry sperm from the testes to the penis
Penis
Allows semen to pass out of the males body and into the females body
What do the ovaries do
Produce eggs
What happens to girls during puberty
Growth of breast vagina
Growth of hair on parts of the body
What is a female gamete
The egg
When does a egg typivall stops producing
45-55 years
Fallopian tube
Collects egg from the ovary and carries it to the uterus
Uterus
Womb the place in which a baby or embryo develops
Cervix
Opening ir neck of the uterus
Vagina
Muscular tuve into which the penis releases sperm
Waht is the menstrual cylce
A series of changes that take place in females about every 28 days befween puberty and menopausal
What happens on day 1-5 of the mestrial cycle
Lining of the uterus breaks down
6-13
A new lining develops in the uterus
Day 14 egg is released from ovary tgis is called ovulation
15-28
Lining of uterus remains in place
Ehat is the fertole period
The time of the month when a female is most likely to get pregnant if she has sex
How long can a sperm survive im the uterus
5-7 days
How many days can the egg stay alive
2 days
Sexual intercourse
Takes place when a erect penis of a male is places in the vagina of the female
What happens to sperm in the vagina
Millions of sperm is released into thr vagina the sperm moves up through thr cervix and into the uterus
What happenes after ovualtion
Teh egg is pushed along the fallopian tube by tiny hairs sperm is attracted by the chemicals released by the egg they then swarm the egg
What si fertalisation
Takes place when the nucleaus of the sperm fuses with the nucleaus of an egg
What is implamtation
When the embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus
What does the embryo become surrounded by
Amnion
What is amniotic fluid
Its a shock absorner to protect the embryo during pregnancy
What si the baby called after 8 weeks
The foetus
What is the placenta
The babys blood passes through the umbilical cord to wnd from the placenta
Functions of the placenta
Food and oxygen
Waste production
What happens at stage 1 of the birth
Muscles in uterus begin to contract thses are called contraction amnion to hurts
What happens at stage 2
Cervix gradually opens during contractions thses contractions cause fhe baby to be pushed out head first out through the cervix
What happens at stage 3
The uterus continues to contract after the baby is born pusing the placenta out
What does breast mil benefit to baby
Full of nutrients
Contains antibodies to help fight off infection
What is contreception
The deliberate use of artificial metjods to prevent a pregnancy
What are the two types of contreception
Prevent fertalisation
Prevent implants
What is a natural method of contraception
Avoid having sec around the time of the females fertile period
Artificial method
Use of condoms
A cap which covers the cervix
What does ivf do
Tales egg from female and takes sperm from male allowing them to fertilise outdoors the body
Advantages of ivf
Allows couple to achieved fertilisation naturally
The child develops normally in the uterus
Disadvantage of ivf
Disadvantages of ivf
Small risk of more than one embryo development
Eyhical issues of ivf
Not natural
Increases birth defects
