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Zoology > Human Reproduction > Flashcards

Human Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

Secretions of which male accessory gland helps in the lubrication of penis

A

Bulbourethral gland

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2
Q

Secretions of male accessory glands constitute of the seminal plasma which is rich in

A

Fructose, Calcium and certain enzymes

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3
Q

Seminal fluid from seminal vesicle constitute ___ percent of semen

A

60-70

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4
Q

30 percent of semen comes from the secretions of which gland ?

A

Prostate gland (prostatic fluid)

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5
Q

After some time of ejaculation, semen liquifies due to an enzyme. Name the enzyme and the gland that secretes it.

A

Enzyme- Profibrino

Gland- Prostate gland

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6
Q

Size of testis in cm

A

Length 4-5 cm

Width 2-3 cm

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7
Q

4 distinct characteristics of Human reproduction

A
  • Sexually reproducing
  • Viviparous
  • Sexual dimorphism
  • Unisexual
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8
Q

Which coating of testis covers it all around

A

Tunica albuginea

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9
Q

The human male ejaculates ___ sperms during a coitus

A

200- 300 million

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10
Q

For normal fertility __ percent of sperms must have normal shape and size and at least __ percent should show vigorous motility

A

60, 40

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11
Q

Duct formed by the fusion of duct seminal vesicle and vas deferens

A

Ejaculatory duct

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12
Q

Gland found in female reproductive tract

A

Bartholin gland

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13
Q

If mammary ducts are blocked in breasts, then milk will not be able to move from

A

Mammary tubule to mammary ampulla

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14
Q

The funnel shaped part of fallopian, tube closer to the ovary is called

A

Infundibulum

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15
Q

Capacitation takes place in the

A

Female reproductive tract- vagina

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16
Q

Capacitation refers to the change in sperm before/after fertilization

A

Before fertilization

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17
Q

Decapitation occurs in the

A

Epididymis

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18
Q

Why is the sperm decapitated

A

To conserve energy of sperm

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19
Q

A ____ mammary gland is a characteristic of ALL _________ [Ncert]

A

Functional, female mammals

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20
Q

Cells of ___ in breasts secrete milk

A

Alveoli

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21
Q

Milk is stored in the ___ of alveoli

A

Cavities (Lumen)

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22
Q

Alveoli open into the mammary ____

A

Tubule

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23
Q

Several mammary ducts join to form _____

A

A mammary ampulla

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24
Q

Mammary ampulla is connected to the_____ through which milk is sucked out

A

Lactiferous duct

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25
Q

Milk produced in the initial few days of lactation is known as

A

Colostrum

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26
Q

Colostrum contains

A

Antibodies essential for devolopment of resistance in new born babies

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27
Q

Part of the human sperm which is called as energy chamber of sperm is?

A

Middle piece

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28
Q

Process of formation of a mature female gamete

A

Oogenesis

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29
Q

Sterility is caused due to the deficiency of

A

Vitamin E

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30
Q

Vitamin required for healthy gametes

A

Vitamin A

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31
Q

Gonadotropins are secreted by

A

Anterior pituitary gland

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32
Q

Gonadotropins releasing hormone GnRH is secreted by

A

Hypothalamus

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33
Q

After fertilization secondary oocyte forms

A

Ovum /ootid (n) and 2nd polar body (n) (degenerates)

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34
Q

Maturation phase in oogenesis starts from ____ and continues till ______

A

Before birth, reproductive stage

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35
Q

First maturation division in oogenesis

A

Meiosis 1 (primary oocyte to secondary oocyte)

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36
Q

End products of meiosis 2 in oogenesis

A

Ootid/ ovum and 2nd polar body

37
Q

Primary sex organs in femals is present in

A

Abdominal cavity

38
Q

Primary oocyte is arrested at which stage at the time of birth

A

Meiosis 1, prophase - diplotene stage

39
Q 
Ploidy of-
Oogonia
Primary oocyte
Secondary oocyte 
Ovum/ootid
Polar body
A 
2n
2n
n
n
n
40
Q

When is Oogenesis initiated ?

A

Embryonic devolopment stage

41
Q

In the fetal life how many oogonia (gamete mother cells) are formed within each fetal ovary

A

Couple of million

42
Q

For 10 ovum how many polar bodies are formed?

A

20 polar bodies

43
Q

Each secondary spermatocyte after second meiotic division produces

A

2 haploid spermatids

44
Q

Lack of mensuration is an indication of

A

Pregnancy
Stress
Poor health

45
Q

Elastic fibres that help in descent of testis

A

Guberanaculum

46
Q

Lining of the wall of scrotum and inguinal canal

A

Cremaster muscle

47
Q

Function of cremaster muscle

A

Elevates the testis towards the body at the time of cold.

48
Q

Involuntary smooth muscle that regulates temperature of scrotal sac

A

Dartos muscle

49
Q

Temperature for spermatogenesis

A

2- 2.5 °C below normal body temperature i.e 34°C

50
Q

Spermatic cord consists of

A

Vas deferens, gonadal blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves

51
Q

Spermiogenesis

A

Transformation of spermatid to sperm

52
Q

Hormone which maintains corpus luteum during pregnancy

A

HCG -Human Chorionic Gonadotropin hormone

53
Q

HCG is initially secreted by ___ and later by ___

A

Trophoblast, placents

54
Q

Surgical removal of uterus

A

Hysterectomy

55
Q

At the time of puberty how many primary follicles are left in each ovary?

A

60, 000 to 80, 000

56
Q

Which event induces the completion of meiotic division of secondary oocyte?

A

Syngamy- contact of sperm with egg

57
Q

Hormone responsible for LH surge

58
Q

Fertilization can only occur if the ovum and sperms are transported ____ to the ____ region

A

Simultaneously, Ampullary

59
Q

Intermixing of chromosomes

A

Amphimixis

60
Q

Plasmogamy is

A

The fusion of cytoplasm

61
Q

Primary egg membrane is secreted by

62
Q

If for a woman puberty starts at 12 yrs and attains menopause at 50 yrs. How many ova does she produce in a lifetime?

63
Q

Absence of menstrual cycle

A

Amenorrhoea

64
Q

Risk period

A

10th to 17th day

65
Q

Sperm penetrates corona radiata with the help of enzyme-

A

Hyaluronidase

66
Q

Sperm penetrates zona pellucida with the enzyme-

A

Zona lysin/ acrosin

67
Q

Intermingling of chromosomes is known as

A

Amphimixis

68
Q

All the parts of the sperm dissolves in the cytoplasm of ovum except

A

Nucleus and Proximal centriole

69
Q

What is Cleavage?

A

Rapid and repeated mitotic divisions

70
Q

What is Cleavage?

A

Rapid and repeated mitotic divisions

71
Q

Newly formed cells in cleavage are called

A

Blastomere

72
Q

In Cleavage, Interphase is ___. Only __ phase is present

A

Short, s-phase

73
Q

Karyoplasmic index in cleavage ____

Karyoplasmic index in mitosis ____

A

Increases

Remains constant

74
Q

Cleavge starts in which part of the fallopian tube

75
Q

Cleavage stops at which stage

A

At the end of/ after gastrula stage

76
Q

Implantation other than the uterus site is

A

Ectopic pregnancy

77
Q

What prevents ectopic pregnancy

A

Zona pellucida

78
Q

3 characteristics of blastomere

A
  • Sticky
  • Cohering
  • Protruding
79
Q

16 blastomere stage

80
Q

Morula name comes from

81
Q

Morula is found in?

A

Isthmus of oviduct

82
Q

How many blastomeres are there in blastocyst stage

A

16-32 blastomere

83
Q

Fertilising membrane prevent

A

Polyspermy

84
Q

Blastocyst stage is found in

85
Q

At which stage does the embryo get implanted

A

Blastocyst stage (16-32 blastomere)

86
Q

Implantation starts after ___ of fertilization

87
Q

Implantation is completed on the ___ of fertilization

88
Q

Which type of implantation do we see in humans

A

Interstitial type of implantation

89
Q

Which part of uterus does implantation take place

Zoology (1 decks)

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