Human Relations Flashcards
What is the difference between effective and efficient?
Effectiveness is doing the right thing and efficient is doing things right.
What are the factors affecting behavior?
- Physiological Influences
- Learning Influences
- Cognitive Influences
- Socialbiological Influences
- Cultural Infuences
What are morals?
Religious teachings, family beliefs, or cutural factors
What are values?
Values are concepts that si the way we live. Honesty, fairness, ect..
Leaders are people who get others to do things, who show support for causes, or who actively demonstrate beliefs in principles in which they believe
Statement
What are the two types of distances?
Social and psychological distance
Which distance is based largely on the recognition of differences in influence and authority
Physiological
What are the 5 problem people
- Sniper
- Complainer
- Exploder
- Know it all
- Passive
What is contractual trust?
Is based on the assumption that other people will uphold their responsibilities
What are challenges facing organizations
- use of technology and problems from technology
- Changing attitudes and motivation of employees
- Increasing costs and economic uncertainies
- Changes in consumer demand and competition
What are actions to meet challenges?
- Open communication
- Creative and flexible planning
- Cooperative action with employee commitment
- Adaption to changin conditions
What is the bureaucratic model?
The model stresses rigorous chain of command, specialization, procedures and rules, technical competence and impersonality.
What are 3 elements to a message
- Source
- Message
- Receiver
What is encoding
The process by which an individual’s ideas are converted into symbols tha make a message
What is decoding
Decoding is the process of interpreting sumbols contained in a message by determining what the symbols refer to.
On average, how much does an individual retain of a converstation?
50 %
What is the study of body movements and the visual aspects of behavior
Kinesics
What is the study of how individuals structure and ues of space or spatial relations?
Proxemics
What is the nonverbal communication with the use of time?
Chronemics
What is the term used for when its concerned with how something is said rather than what is said?
Paralanguage
Object language such as artifacts is what?
communication resulting from the display of material things. clothes, furniture, cars…ect
What is power oriented approach
management controls information in the organization. with a power oriented approach, communication problems are frequently major causes of poor performance
What is a achievment oriented approach?
assumes that effective communication is a necessary part of productive work.
Face to face communication uses multiple channels of communication
Statement
What are the 3 goals when approaching face to face interactions?
- Obtain information
- To give information
- To establish a relationship of trust and confidence
List the 6 steps in effective communication.
- Establish a specific purpose
- Decide using who, what, whom, where
- Consult with others
- Consider setting and timing
- Follow through & obtain feedback
- Support words with action
What is power-oritneted approach
Assues that management alone regulates and controls the flow of information.
Achievement-oriented approach is
information communicated to employees through the job and involvement with management
Personal Power Style
Try to be dominant. Managers can be over bearing
Institutional Power is
concerned with organizational problems and actions that will result in attaining orgniational objectives
Permissive Leadership is hands off. Lets the group establish own objectives. Usually is a mess
Statement
The autocratic leader llows group members little to no voice in decisions. Tend to use fear as a base
Statement
The path goal theory is how well the leader clarifies the path to the desired rewars and makes rewards dependent on the effective performance
Statement
What is two dimensional leadership
Compares job structure to employee consideration
What is the leadership Theory
Based on the belief that there is no singel best style
What are the 4 contemporary leadership styles?
- Charismatic
- Transformational
- Transactional
- Symbolic
What is charismatic leadership
Inspires follower loyality and creates an enthusiastic vision others trive to follow
What is transformational leadership
Depends on continuous learning. Innovation and change within the organization
What is transactional leadership
Involves an exchange between the leader and followers in which the followers perform tasks in exchange for rewards
What is symbolic leadership
Bases theory on a strong organizational culture that holds common values and beliefs. Employees have faith in their leadership
Theory Z says
involved workers are the key to productivity
- Workers are automomonusly becasue they are trust worthy
- Close relationship between work and social life
What type of leadership is based on the situation
Situational Leadership
What is the leadership continuum Theory
By Tanenbaum / Shmidt. Says it detemines which leadership style a leader should applyto a situation. Move along coninuum from one extreme to another. Autocratic vs. democratic
What is Path Goal Theory
By Robert House… Based on employees goal of the employers foals and objectives. Uses Directive, Supportive, Particiaptive and Achievement Oriented
What is Principle Centered Leadership
Stephen Covey… Focuses on the use of basic values to lead an organization. the leader use core values to make decisions and create policy
What are the 5 leadership levels
- Capable Individual
- Contributing Team Member
- Competent Manager
- Effective Leader
- Executive
What is the social change model
Value based model that places services at the core for change
What is the alpha leadership model
By Deering… The leader involves followers in the process of accomplishing a goal within the limits of the system. includes 4 elements leader, follower,system, and goal
