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Human Origins (8 MYA - 3,000 BC) Flashcards

1
Q

When did our lineage seperate from Chimpanzees

A

between 8 and 6 Million Years Ago

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2
Q

What are the names of the speicies earliest fossils linked to human

A

Sahelanthropius Tchadensis
Orrorin tugensis
Ardipithicus Ramidus

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3
Q

When was Sahelanthrpous Tchadensis date from

A

7 - 6 Million Years Ago, the Predate the split between Homins and Chimpanzees but thought to walk upright

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4
Q

Ardipithicus Ramidus is dated to when

A

4.4 million Years ago

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5
Q

From what period did the Australopiticine Spieces live

A

4.2 - 2 Million Years Ago

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6
Q

What year was Lucy discovered and where

A

Kenya, 1974

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7
Q

When do the earliest stone tools date from

A

Ethiopia 2.6 Million Years Ago

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8
Q

What spieces were the first to use stone tools

A

Austreolopithicus

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9
Q

What was unique about Paranthropus and Homo Habilis

A

They eat more Protein using tools

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10
Q

What was the first species said to have resembled modern human

A

Homo Ergaster

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11
Q

When did Homo Ergaster Appear

A

1.8 Million Years ago

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12
Q

Where were Footprints Preserved and found 3.6 Million Years Ago

A

Laetoli in Tanzania

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13
Q

What made Homo Ergaster different

A

He was Taller and more Slender

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14
Q

When did Hominins first move out of Africa

A

About 1.7 Million Years ago not long after the appearance of Homo Ergaster

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15
Q

What spiecies first moved out of Africa and into Eurasia

A

Homo Georgicus appeared in Dmanisi in Georgia by 1.7 million Years Ago

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16
Q

What appeared around 1.6 Million Years ago that marks a considerable leap in intelligence

A

Achulean Handaxes

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17
Q

Are Homo Erectus and Homo ergaster the same Spiecies

A

Yes. Homo ergaster is thought to be the same species or sharing the same ancester as Homo erectus

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18
Q

Where did Homo Erectus live not long after Homo Ergaster was in Eurasia

A

China and Indonesia

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19
Q

What Species used Achulean Handaxes

A

Homo Ergaster and Homo Erectus

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20
Q

What powered Brain growth

A

Switching to Fatty and Calorific Foods such as Bone Marrow and meat and effective Hunting techniques

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21
Q

When was the Appearance of the first Europeans as far west as Spain and Italy and what Spieces was it

A

1.2 Million Years Ago, Homo Antecessor

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22
Q

When was the first hard evidence of Fire use detected

A

800,000 Years ago

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23
Q

What spiecies had spread across Europe by 600,000 years ago

A

Homo Heidlbegensis

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24
Q

When did Distinctive Neanderthal anatomy appear across Europe

A

400,000 Years Ago

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25
What species did Neanderthal evolve from
Homo Add to dictionary
26
What was different about the Anatomy of Neanderthals
They were Stockier and Thicker
27
How many years did Neanderthal dominate Europe and Western Asia
200,000 years
28
When was the name of the last common ancestor of all humans and how long ago was it
Mitochondrial Eve, 200,000 Years ago
29
Where and When were the first evidence of Homo Sapiens beyond Africa found
Fossils in Israel, and stone tools from Arabia
30
When did Fossils begin to reveal characteristics of Homo Sapiens
400,000 years ago
31
When did Homo Sapiens first truly appear
250,000 years ago
32
Where did Modern Humans first move into and when
Western Asia around 100,000 years ago
33
When was Language and the ability to use symbols first evolve and why
around 74,000 years ago when Munt Toba triggered a global volcanic winter, which required these skills
34
When did Modern Humans enter Eurasia
some researchers argue 74,000 years ago, others say the major migration occurred later about 50,000 Years ago
35
When did humans spread rapidly across Europe and Asia
They appeared in Turkey from 40,000 Years Ago, and in Western Europe shortly afterwards
36
When did Humans appear in Indonesia and China
around 42,000 Years ago
37
When did Humans appear in Australia
sometime before 45,000 Years ago
38
How long did Homo Erectus thought to have survived in China
Until at least 42,000 Years Ago
39
When did Neanderthals survive until
30,000 Years ago
40
Why did the Neanderthals die out
They were outcompeted for food and Raw Materials in the changing environment
41
When did Homo Sapiens reach Japan
around 32,000 years ago
42
how long did Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals co-exist
Several thousand years
43
When was the Last Glacial Maximum
21,000 - 18,000 Years Ago
44
What Culture is known for its elaborate sites with complex structures and Burials in Europe and Russia 28,000 - 21,000
The Gravettian Culture
45
What kind of ornaments are the Gravitation Culture famous for
The Venus Figurines
46
What are the three main periods of the Stone Age
Paleolothic, Mesolithic, Neolithic
47
What Years does the Paleolithic cover
2.5 Million Years ago - 10,000 Years ago
48
What Years does the Mesolithic cover
10,000 Years Ago - 5,000 Years Ago
49
What Years does the Neolithic cover
5,000 - 2,000 Years ago
50
What culture (18,000 - 12,000YA) was famous for its beautiful Art Objects, engravings and Cave Paintings
Magdelenian Culture
51
What was the name of the famous cave paintings dated to 17,000 years ago
Lascaux
52
When was the earliest domesticated Dog dated to
14,000 Years Ago
53
After the last rise in temperatures that led to the retreat of the Ice Sheets, how far had Human groups travelled
Siberia
54
Between what time did Earth witness rising temperatures
12,700 and 10,800BC
55
What was the consequence as Global Sea Levels rose
The Spread of forests and Greenland, providing new opportunities for Hunting
56
How did most Hunter Gatherers move
Seasonally
57
What kind of land did Hunter Gatherers prefer
River Esturies
58
What Community Lived in Chiie around 7,000BC
Chinchorro
59
What is Unique and Interesting about the Chinchorro community that lived around 7,000BC
They created the worlds first Mummies
60
What prompted some Western Asian Villagers to turn to Cultivation
A period of Cold and arid conditions around 10,000BC led to a steep decline in cereals
61
Where did Agriculture begin
It began in many parts of the world at the same time
62
Was Agricultre a Discovery
No Hunter Gatherers had a deep knowledge of the Plants and Animals on which they depended
63
What were the reasons people began to Farm
1) Extending their period of Residence in a Village | 2) Support a growing population
64
What were common Staples of early Agriculture
Cereals
65
What kind of Cereals were being grown in Western Asia
Wheat and Barley
66
What was being grown in China
Broomcorn, Foxtail Millet and Rice
67
What was the principle cereal in the Americas
Maize
68
Domesticated Sheep, Goats and Pigs were raised across Europe and Asia but what was the only area in AMerica that was suitable for Domestication
The Andes
69
What wasd the Earliest Domesticated Cereal
10,500 BC
70
When was the Earliest Domesticated Animals in West Asia
9,000 BC
71
When was a large stone wall built around the village of Jericho
8,500 - 7,300 BC
72
What Farming communites began to develop around 6,200BC
around the Euphrates Rivers - Mesopotamia
73
When did Farmer begin to spread from Turkey into Southeast and Central Europe
after 7,000BC
74
What were Megaliths
Stone Chambered Tombs
75
Where were Megaliths mainly constructed
Western and Northern Europe
76
What was the most remarkable farming Villages in West Asia
Catal Hoyoyuk in Turkey
77
From what period was Catal Hoyoyuk occupied
7,400 - 6,200 BC
78
How many people did Catal Hoyouk hold
around 8,000 people
79
How were the houses of Catal Hoyouk entered
From the Roof by ladders
80
from when was Copper and Gold being shaped into Objects and where
around 8,000 BC in West Asia
81
what was happening regarding metals in West Asia around 7,000 BC
Ores were smelted to extract metals
82
From when was Tin added to Copper to create the alloy Bronze and where
around 3,200 BC, West Asia
83
Where did a trading network develop
that stretched from Egypt through West Asia to South Asia
84
WHat region was at the forefront of a trading network that controlled materials and strategic points
Sumer in Mesopotamia
85
As well as Sumer, Where was Social, Religious, economic and political complecity emerging
Elam and Egypt
86
WHat had Sumer, Elam and Egypt developed by 3,000BC
a Writing System
87
Where does the Earliest known pictographic writing come from and when
Uruk in Sumer (Mesopotamia) around 3,300BC
88
What huge and complex settlement is deservedly known as the Worlds first city
Uruk
89
When did Wheeled Transport emerge
around 3,500 BC

World History (6 decks)

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