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World History > Human Origins (8 MYA - 3,000 BC) > Flashcards

Human Origins (8 MYA - 3,000 BC) Flashcards

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1
Q

When did our lineage seperate from Chimpanzees

A

between 8 and 6 Million Years Ago

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2
Q

What are the names of the speicies earliest fossils linked to human

A

Sahelanthropius Tchadensis
Orrorin tugensis
Ardipithicus Ramidus

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3
Q

When was Sahelanthrpous Tchadensis date from

A

7 - 6 Million Years Ago, the Predate the split between Homins and Chimpanzees but thought to walk upright

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4
Q

Ardipithicus Ramidus is dated to when

A

4.4 million Years ago

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5
Q

From what period did the Australopiticine Spieces live

A

4.2 - 2 Million Years Ago

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6
Q

What year was Lucy discovered and where

A

Kenya, 1974

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7
Q

When do the earliest stone tools date from

A

Ethiopia 2.6 Million Years Ago

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8
Q

What spieces were the first to use stone tools

A

Austreolopithicus

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9
Q

What was unique about Paranthropus and Homo Habilis

A

They eat more Protein using tools

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10
Q

What was the first species said to have resembled modern human

A

Homo Ergaster

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11
Q

When did Homo Ergaster Appear

A

1.8 Million Years ago

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12
Q

Where were Footprints Preserved and found 3.6 Million Years Ago

A

Laetoli in Tanzania

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13
Q

What made Homo Ergaster different

A

He was Taller and more Slender

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14
Q

When did Hominins first move out of Africa

A

About 1.7 Million Years ago not long after the appearance of Homo Ergaster

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15
Q

What spiecies first moved out of Africa and into Eurasia

A

Homo Georgicus appeared in Dmanisi in Georgia by 1.7 million Years Ago

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16
Q

What appeared around 1.6 Million Years ago that marks a considerable leap in intelligence

A

Achulean Handaxes

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17
Q

Are Homo Erectus and Homo ergaster the same Spiecies

A

Yes. Homo ergaster is thought to be the same species or sharing the same ancester as Homo erectus

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18
Q

Where did Homo Erectus live not long after Homo Ergaster was in Eurasia

A

China and Indonesia

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19
Q

What Species used Achulean Handaxes

A

Homo Ergaster and Homo Erectus

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20
Q

What powered Brain growth

A

Switching to Fatty and Calorific Foods such as Bone Marrow and meat and effective Hunting techniques

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21
Q

When was the Appearance of the first Europeans as far west as Spain and Italy and what Spieces was it

A

1.2 Million Years Ago, Homo Antecessor

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22
Q

When was the first hard evidence of Fire use detected

A

800,000 Years ago

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23
Q

What spiecies had spread across Europe by 600,000 years ago

A

Homo Heidlbegensis

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24
Q

When did Distinctive Neanderthal anatomy appear across Europe

A

400,000 Years Ago

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25
Q

What species did Neanderthal evolve from

A

Homo Add to dictionary

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26
Q

What was different about the Anatomy of Neanderthals

A

They were Stockier and Thicker

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27
Q

How many years did Neanderthal dominate Europe and Western Asia

A

200,000 years

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28
Q

When was the name of the last common ancestor of all humans and how long ago was it

A

Mitochondrial Eve, 200,000 Years ago

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29
Q

Where and When were the first evidence of Homo Sapiens beyond Africa found

A

Fossils in Israel, and stone tools from Arabia

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30
Q

When did Fossils begin to reveal characteristics of Homo Sapiens

A

400,000 years ago

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31
Q

When did Homo Sapiens first truly appear

A

250,000 years ago

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32
Q

Where did Modern Humans first move into and when

A

Western Asia around 100,000 years ago

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33
Q

When was Language and the ability to use symbols first evolve and why

A

around 74,000 years ago when Munt Toba triggered a global volcanic winter, which required these skills

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34
Q

When did Modern Humans enter Eurasia

A

some researchers argue 74,000 years ago, others say the major migration occurred later about 50,000 Years ago

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35
Q

When did humans spread rapidly across Europe and Asia

A

They appeared in Turkey from 40,000 Years Ago, and in Western Europe shortly afterwards

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36
Q

When did Humans appear in Indonesia and China

A

around 42,000 Years ago

37
Q

When did Humans appear in Australia

A

sometime before 45,000 Years ago

38
Q

How long did Homo Erectus thought to have survived in China

A

Until at least 42,000 Years Ago

39
Q

When did Neanderthals survive until

A

30,000 Years ago

40
Q

Why did the Neanderthals die out

A

They were outcompeted for food and Raw Materials in the changing environment

41
Q

When did Homo Sapiens reach Japan

A

around 32,000 years ago

42
Q

how long did Homo Sapiens and Neanderthals co-exist

A

Several thousand years

43
Q

When was the Last Glacial Maximum

A

21,000 - 18,000 Years Ago

44
Q

What Culture is known for its elaborate sites with complex structures and Burials in Europe and Russia 28,000 - 21,000

A

The Gravettian Culture

45
Q

What kind of ornaments are the Gravitation Culture famous for

A

The Venus Figurines

46
Q

What are the three main periods of the Stone Age

A

Paleolothic, Mesolithic, Neolithic

47
Q

What Years does the Paleolithic cover

A

2.5 Million Years ago - 10,000 Years ago

48
Q

What Years does the Mesolithic cover

A

10,000 Years Ago - 5,000 Years Ago

49
Q

What Years does the Neolithic cover

A

5,000 - 2,000 Years ago

50
Q

What culture (18,000 - 12,000YA) was famous for its beautiful Art Objects, engravings and Cave Paintings

A

Magdelenian Culture

51
Q

What was the name of the famous cave paintings dated to 17,000 years ago

A

Lascaux

52
Q

When was the earliest domesticated Dog dated to

A

14,000 Years Ago

53
Q

After the last rise in temperatures that led to the retreat of the Ice Sheets, how far had Human groups travelled

A

Siberia

54
Q

Between what time did Earth witness rising temperatures

A

12,700 and 10,800BC

55
Q

What was the consequence as Global Sea Levels rose

A

The Spread of forests and Greenland, providing new opportunities for Hunting

56
Q

How did most Hunter Gatherers move

A

Seasonally

57
Q

What kind of land did Hunter Gatherers prefer

A

River Esturies

58
Q

What Community Lived in Chiie around 7,000BC

A

Chinchorro

59
Q

What is Unique and Interesting about the Chinchorro community that lived around 7,000BC

A

They created the worlds first Mummies

60
Q

What prompted some Western Asian Villagers to turn to Cultivation

A

A period of Cold and arid conditions around 10,000BC led to a steep decline in cereals

61
Q

Where did Agriculture begin

A

It began in many parts of the world at the same time

62
Q

Was Agricultre a Discovery

A

No Hunter Gatherers had a deep knowledge of the Plants and Animals on which they depended

63
Q

What were the reasons people began to Farm

A

1) Extending their period of Residence in a Village

2) Support a growing population

64
Q

What were common Staples of early Agriculture

A

Cereals

65
Q

What kind of Cereals were being grown in Western Asia

A

Wheat and Barley

66
Q

What was being grown in China

A

Broomcorn, Foxtail Millet and Rice

67
Q

What was the principle cereal in the Americas

A

Maize

68
Q

Domesticated Sheep, Goats and Pigs were raised across Europe and Asia but what was the only area in AMerica that was suitable for Domestication

A

The Andes

69
Q

What wasd the Earliest Domesticated Cereal

A

10,500 BC

70
Q

When was the Earliest Domesticated Animals in West Asia

A

9,000 BC

71
Q

When was a large stone wall built around the village of Jericho

A

8,500 - 7,300 BC

72
Q

What Farming communites began to develop around 6,200BC

A

around the Euphrates Rivers - Mesopotamia

73
Q

When did Farmer begin to spread from Turkey into Southeast and Central Europe

A

after 7,000BC

74
Q

What were Megaliths

A

Stone Chambered Tombs

75
Q

Where were Megaliths mainly constructed

A

Western and Northern Europe

76
Q

What was the most remarkable farming Villages in West Asia

A

Catal Hoyoyuk in Turkey

77
Q

From what period was Catal Hoyoyuk occupied

A

7,400 - 6,200 BC

78
Q

How many people did Catal Hoyouk hold

A

around 8,000 people

79
Q

How were the houses of Catal Hoyouk entered

A

From the Roof by ladders

80
Q

from when was Copper and Gold being shaped into Objects and where

A

around 8,000 BC in West Asia

81
Q

what was happening regarding metals in West Asia around 7,000 BC

A

Ores were smelted to extract metals

82
Q

From when was Tin added to Copper to create the alloy Bronze and where

A

around 3,200 BC, West Asia

83
Q

Where did a trading network develop

A

that stretched from Egypt through West Asia to South Asia

84
Q

WHat region was at the forefront of a trading network that controlled materials and strategic points

A

Sumer in Mesopotamia

85
Q

As well as Sumer, Where was Social, Religious, economic and political complecity emerging

A

Elam and Egypt

86
Q

WHat had Sumer, Elam and Egypt developed by 3,000BC

A

a Writing System

87
Q

Where does the Earliest known pictographic writing come from and when

A

Uruk in Sumer (Mesopotamia) around 3,300BC

88
Q

What huge and complex settlement is deservedly known as the Worlds first city

A

Uruk

89
Q

When did Wheeled Transport emerge

A

around 3,500 BC

World History (6 decks)

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