Human Oral Microbe

Question 1

Define
Commensal
Pathogen
Pathogenicity
Virulence

Answer 1

Commensal = organism part of the normal flora
Pathogen = organism capable of causing disease
Pathogenicity = Ability to cause disease
Virulence = Ability to cause severe disease

Question 2

What is the life cycle of a parasite?

Answer 2

1. Enter
2. Attach
3. Colonise
4. Evade host immunity
5. Produce harmful protein
6. Disseminate
7. Release from host

Question 3

What is a microbiome?
What is a human microbiome?

Answer 3

Includes all microorganisms in a particular ecosystem
All of the microorganisms that live in and on your body

Question 4

Benefits of normal flora

Answer 4

• Synthesise and excrete vitamin B12 and K
• Prevent colonisation by pathogens
• Stimulate development of tissues eg. Intestine, lymphatics and capillary density
• Stimulate production of cross-reactive antibodies = prevent infection

Question 5

What is the purpose of GI Symbiosis?

Answer 5

Symbiosis is important for the fermentation and digestion of carbs

Question 6

What are the dynamics in the oral cavity regarding
Clinical Health
Gingivitis
Periodontitis

Answer 6

Clinical Health
- good biofilm
- low biomass

Gingivitis
- increase in risk factors
- poor OH increasing biomass

Periodontitis
- over reactive immune response