Human Nervous System

Question 1

Stimulus

Answer 1

Changes in the external or internal environment

Question 2

Receptor

Answer 2

Detect stimuli. Often part of sense organs. Contain receptor proteins in the cell membrane

Question 3

Coordinator

Answer 3

The network of interneurones connecting sensory and motor neurones

Question 4

Effector

Answer 4

Cause a response

Question 5

Response

Answer 5

Movement aiding in survival

Question 6

Exocrine

Answer 6

Secreting liquids to outside the body

Question 7

Endocrine

Answer 7

Secreting hormones into the bloodstream

Question 8

Neurone

Answer 8

Nerve cells, composed of a cell body, dendrons, dendrites, axons and synapses

Question 9

Dendrons

Answer 9

Carry impulses towards cell body

Question 10

Dendrites

Answer 10

Connect to other neurones

Question 11

Axons

Answer 11

Carry impulses away from cell body

Question 12

Synapse

Answer 12

Responsible for passing impulses between neurones

Question 13

Nerve

Answer 13

Separate bundles of several thousand axons

Question 14

Schwann Cells

Answer 14

Main component in the Myelin Sheath, wrapped in a spiral around axons

Question 15

Myelin Sheath

Answer 15

Protective lipid layer, provides physical protection and electrical insulation

Question 16

Sensory Neurones

Answer 16

Long dendrons, transmit impulses from sensory receptors all over the body

Question 17

Effector Neurones

Answer 17

Also called motor neurones, long axons transmitting impulses from CNS to effectors all over the body

Question 18

Inter Neurones

Answer 18

Also called connector/relay neurones, much smaller with many interconnections, make up the CNS and 99.9% of all neurones

Question 19

Impulse

Answer 19

Simple on/off instructions

Question 20

Membrane Potential

Answer 20

Always negative within cell, maintained by protein pump Na+K+ATPase moving sodium ions out/potassium ions into the cell, and sodium/potassium ion channels leaking ions down the concentration gradient