Human Movement System Flashcards
Another name for Kinetic Chain
Human movement system
The Kinetic chain is made up of what components
nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems These systems work together to support mechanisms such as cardiorespiratory, digestive, and endocrine system to function
Nervous system does what
tells the musculoskeletal system of the body when and how to move. Collects all sensory 9info and sends a movement response
What is proprioception
the awareness and perception of body position and limb movements
Muscle spindles
mechanoreceptors found in skeletal muscles that measure the amount and rate of stretch. When the muscle is lengthened too much or too quickly, the muscle spindle sends message to the CNS resulting in muscular contraciton as a protective response.
Golgi tendon organs
located where the muscle and tendon coverge the GTO measures the amount and rate of tension that develops within the muscle. After 20-30 seconds of GTO Stimulation when stretching it will signal the muscle to relax.
Type 1 Fibers
Slow twitch fibers slower to reach maximal contraciton Highly aerobic. Long-term contractions/stabilization.
Type 2 Fibers
Fast twitch more anerobic, HIIT, sprinting, plyo jumping Force and power
What is an agonist muscle?
The muscle that works as the prime mover of a joint exercise.
What is a synergist
muscle that assist the prime mover in a joint action
organelles that contain genetic material and enzymes necessary for cell metablism, converting food to energy
mitochondria
muscles that opposes prime mover
antagonist
what connects bone to bone
ligament
What connects bone to muscle
tendon
portion of the skeletal system consisting of the bones of the skull, rib cage and vertebral column
Axial skeleton
portion of the skeleton that includes the bones that support the upper and lower extremeties
Appendicular skeleton
what are the three components of the human movement system
nervous system, muscular system, skeletal system
muscles moving together to produce movement around a joint
force-couple relationship
simulataneous contraction of one muscle and the relaxation of its antagonist to allow movment to take place
REciprocal inhibiation
Which is a common underactive muscle of the knee
VMO Vastus Medialis oblique
Common overactive muscles of the knee
Bicep femoris TFL tensor fascia latae
Common overactive muscles of shoulder
latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major/minor
Common underactive muscles of shoulder
middle and lower trap, rhomboids, rotator cuff
What is the formula for cardiac output
heart rate X stroke volume. This is a measure of the overall performance of the heart.
What is ATP
energy storage and transfer unit within the cells of the body
organelle that contains genetic material and enzymes necessary for cell metabolism, coverting food to energy
mitochondria
metabolic pathways
a series of chemical reactions that either break down or build up compounds in the blood
3 pathways to energy
ATP PC System,, Glycolysis, Aerobic processes
ATP-PC time
upe to 15 seconds
glycolysis time
up to 3 minutes
oxidative system time
over 3 minutes
3 planes of motion
saggital frontal transverse
Saggital plane divides body________ movements move_________ such as______________ imaginary walls are____________
R/L, forward and backward, walking, cycling, squatting, walls are parallel to the left and right side of a person
Frontal plane divides body___________ movements occur____________ such as__________imgainary walls are_____________
front half and back half, side to side, jumping jacks and side lunges, walls in front and behind body
Transverse plane divides body___________ movements are _____________- such as______________
top and bottom, movements parallel to this imaginary line, mostly rotational motions, lunges with rotation and roundhouse kicks
biomechanics
how forces affect a living body
sternum is medial to
shoulder
