Human Life

Question 1

what is our purpose

Answer 1

• Procreate• Look after earth and animals• Love• Worship – ultimate purpose• Die

Question 2

what does it mean to be human

Answer 2

• Get sick -> but can heal -> ‘born to suffer”• Ability to communicate• We can think about past, present and future• Selfish• Love -> capacity for emotional interaction • Image of god• Reasonable -> moral -> right or wrong • Seek knowledge and justice• Desires and need -> sex, money/ love, water, food, shelter, sleep

Question 3

western culture

Answer 3

divine being created universe and placed human as stewards

Question 4

eastern culture

Answer 4

humans can reach nirvana and end cycle of rebirth

Question 5

Gen 1

Answer 5

image of God, gender neutral, male and female to compliment each other

Question 6

Gen 2

Answer 6

animals to name = dominium, desire for companionship, created without sin

Question 7

Gen 3

Answer 7

• Serpent as challenge,• Gain knowledge,• Blame others. • Suffering, death and imperfection.• Punishment = freedom, suffering is part human condition

Question 8

Chapter 4

Answer 8

Cain and Abel, consequence of fall.

Question 9

Chapter 5

Answer 9

God regrets creating everything. Dr.King ‘god depends on our response’ Noah, Abraham, Moses, Joab

Question 10

Christian Teaching on the human condition

Answer 10

• Freedom make us responsible for his acts to the extent that they are voluntary (catechism1734)• For freedom, Christ has set us free (St Paul in Galatians 5:1)• ‘Human life is of inestimable value’ (evangelism Vitae)• ‘Sin is an offence against reason, truth and right conscience’ (1849)

Question 11

christian teaching

Answer 11

• Made in image of God• Male and female; complimentary• Different from animals• We sin• Life with a faith in God• Relationship with God• Afterlife• We can love, we have freedom• Suffering is part of the human condition

Question 12

Gen 1:26

Answer 12

• 1:26 ‘ they will be like us and resemble us”

Question 13

Gen 2:7

Answer 13

• 2:7 ‘took soil from the ground and made man’

Question 14

GEn 2:22

Answer 14

• 2:22 ‘ he formed a woman from his rib of a man and brought her to him’

Question 15

Gen 2:24

Answer 15

• 2:24 ‘ that is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united with his wife and become one’

Question 16

Gen 3:6

Answer 16

• 3:6 ‘she took the fruit and ate it”

Question 17

Gen 3:15

Answer 17

• 3:15 ‘ I will make sure you and the woman hate each other; her offspring and yours will always be enemies, and you will bite off her offspring’s heels’

Question 18

Gen 3:16

Answer 18

• 3:16 ‘ I will increase your trouble at pregnancy and your pain in giving birth. In spite of this you will have desire for your husband and be subject to him”

Question 19

free will

Answer 19

ability to choose or determine ones own actions

Question 20

Fatalism

Answer 20

everything happens for a predetermined reason and we have no control.

Question 21

Islam view on Free Will

Answer 21

God is all knowing + intends for his will to be done but humans have freedom. Sumi Scholar al-Ash’ari ‘ all power lies with God + God’s will everything to happen, he has foreknowledge of everything’

Question 22

Hindu and Buddhist View on Free Will

Answer 22

karma

Question 23

Hard Determinism

Answer 23

• Every event has a cause: the theory of universal causation.• Moral choice is illusionary (John Locke ‘man in locked room, on awakening he thinks he is free to leave)• You cannot be blameworthy if you are not free

Question 24

Libertarianism

Answer 24

• Ability to choose is part of human dignity• We are free therefore responsible • Distinction between personality and moral self. Casual laws govern our personality whilst our moral self represents the independent ability of a person to make a choice. • Physical world is mechanistic but does not necessarily determine human actions

Question 25

Predestiniation

Answer 25

• God is all-powerful and all knowing.• God already knows which humans will be welcomed to heaven and which will go to hell.• Human have no moral choice• John Calvin

Question 26

Christian View on Free will

Answer 26

• They cannot have free will if determinism is true • God has given humans free will, punishment of Adam and eve• Small view of predestination• St. Augustine said that gods knowledge does not predetermine our actions• RC; if we are not free then our lives are reduced to a mere mechanical existence so we are free; and it is a gift from God.• We have dignity and freedom• If God is omniscient then we are not truly free• Psalms139 + Hebrew4: 13 state God is omniscient• Aquinas ‘God is timeless. He exists outside time and with knowledge, which is not in any time. God does not know what is the future because God exists beyond time and space, so perceiving events outside the chronology of which the happen’ • Knowledge god has on us is informed by our choices.

Question 27

what is the value of life

Answer 27

• Basic needs• Love• Personal aim• Ultimate goals• Religion/ spiritual belief

Question 28

Christian view on the value of life

Answer 28

each person is a unique creation by God and he has a plan for each one, everyone matters, we exist for a reason.

Question 29

Jewish view on the value of life

Answer 29

Gods’ chosen people. He has made a covenant with them.

Question 30

Self Sacrifice

Answer 30

• Utilitarian goal in life is happiness however Christian Church agree happiness is a goal in life the nature of true happiness is experienced through Gods will -> this could be through suffering or sacrifice. • Think of the need for others being prepared to sacrifice own ambition time and life. Caring for others like Jesus did.• St Francis of Assisi, Mother Teresa monks nuns, priests (poverty, obedience and chastity) • Whenever we choose to do something we might not want to do, we practice the Christian virtue of humility.

Question 31

Human and non-human life

Answer 31

• Balance of care for all aspects of the natural world with care for human beings• Many religions are close to animals -> Hindus and cows, Ganesh is elephant, and Hanuman is monkey form.• Ayers rock in Australia• Mother earth, earth is goddess responsible for creation and fertility • Creation in 6 days• Humans have ‘dominium’ over animals -> stewardship• Aquinas ‘ human beings have been given the gift of reason and free will, which animals don’t have, so we are more important’ must respect animals• Importance of human life due to unique relationship

Question 32

Gender Equality

Answer 32

• Women are placed below men ‘I will increase your trouble in pregnancy and pain in childbirth. In spite of this, you will still have desire for your husband and be subject to him’ • Suffragettes, glass ceiling, lad culture, sport• Priest and the ordination of women

Question 33

Gender Equality Facts

Answer 33

• 70% worlds one billion poorest people are women- produce ½ food but own 1% of world property• 1/3 women are abused, beaten or raped• Women 20% all parliamentarians in the world> He for She Campaign

Question 34

CAFOD aims

Answer 34

o Have equal access to and over resources and decision making processo Equality under lawo Autonomy to make life choices free of violenceo Systems and structures perpetuating inequality, disempowerment

Question 35

Church Equality Teaching

Answer 35

‘men and women have the same dignity and are of equal value’

Question 36

Disability Equality

Answer 36

• Not able bodied, physical + mental handicap.• Blind, deaf, lack of limbs and hereditary.• Lee Ridley• Jean Vanier- L’Archeo 1960’s o ‘Embrace another’s pain, difficulties and life to understand love.’• Pope Jean Paul 2 ‘prophets of our age’

Question 37

Religious Teaching on Disability

Answer 37

o God take vengeance on the enemies of the people of Israel by punishing them with affliction.o Punishment of sin has long-lasting consequences affecting generations.o Sin causes physical consequences o Deafness, muteness, blindness, lightness and darkness are used literally and metaphorically of sin e.g. blind Bartimeus o Suffering is redemptiveo Human life is created in the image of God and has unique dignityo Test of faitho Jesus’ compassion for the sick.

Question 38

Race Equality

Answer 38

• Prejudice and discrimination based on their genetic make up, skin color, ethnic origin, language difference, social customs and background.

Question 39

Race Equality History

Answer 39

• Civil rights movement in USA Martin Luther-King, Rosa Parks e.g. bus boycott and sit-ins• Apartheid in S.Africa -> Nelson Mandela• Hitler and Holocaust • Airports• Muslims -> IS/ terror attacks

Question 40

Race Equality Politics

Answer 40

• CARJ- Catholic Association for Racial Justice• Race relations act 1965 and est. of Race Relations board attempt to deal with ethnic diversity• Race Relations Act 1976 prohibited direct and indirect discrimination in employment or the delivery services. • Murder of Stephen Lawrence (1993) led to Race Relations Amendment Act (2000)• 9/11 and London Bus bombings, Iraq and Afghanistan Wars -> fuelled prejudice • BNP and UKIP