Human Impacts On Biodiversity Flashcards
What 4 types of ecosystem services are there?
- Supporting (nutrient cycling, primary production)
- Provisioning (food, water, fuel etc.)
- Regulating (flood, climate, disease and regulation)
- Cultural (aesthetic, spiritual, educational etc.)
What are the 7 truly negative impacts humans have on the land and it’s inhabitants
Land transformation Land clearing Forestry Grazing Intensification Hunting Fishing
Which types of habitat have been lost and gained?
Lost:
Forest, steppe/savannah/grassland, shurbland, desert/tundra/ice desert
What has happened to Madagascar’s wet tropical forest
Only 34% left
How is the global temperature controlled?
Partly heat heat from centre of planet
Mostly from radiation from sun
What is albedo?
The reflectivity of a surface
- snow/ice 45-85%
- uniform deciduous 20%
- tarmac 10%
- oceans/lakes 2-8%
What does partially clearing a forest do to albedo
Radiated energy trapped within clearings, reduces albedo
Which animals increased in the UK with the rising temp?
Dragonflies, bats, butterflies
How much is the global temp predicted to rise in the next 50 years
1.5-2 degrees
How much has the sea risen in the last 100 years
12cm
What are the future climate change possibilities
Expansion of deserts
Poleward advance of monsoon rains
Greater frequency of extreme events
In the future, how much land area will show shift in vegetation?
55%
What are the 3 direct exploitation’s humans impose on the environment
- Bush meat
- Fuel wood
- Marine fisheries
How many mammals birds and reptiles are consumed in the Amazon per year
9.6-23.5 million
How much of the worlds population rely on biomass fuels
1/3rd
