Human Growth & Development

Question 1

Freud’s stages are psychosocial. (oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital) emphasize sexuality.

Answer 1

Fred Freudian

Question 2

Eight stages (trust versus mistrust or integrity versus despair) focus on social relationships. (Are psychosocial)

Answer 2

Erik Erikson

Question 3

Refers to mental testing or measurement.

Answer 3

Psychometric

Question 4

Pertains to the study of personality through interpretation of behavior or nonverbal cues. The counselor uses the aforementioned factors or tests to label the client (using DSM) in a diagnostic category.

Answer 4

Psychodiagnostic

Question 5

Studies the effects that medications or drugs have on psychological functions.

Answer 5

Psychopharmacology

Question 6

In Freud’s psychodynamic theory instincts are emphasized. Erik Erikson is an ego psychologist. Ego psychologists

Answer 6

Believe in man’s powers of reasoning to control behavior.

Question 7

Focus on unconscious process rather than cognitive factors when counseling clients.

Answer 7

Psychodynamic Theories

Question 8

The only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire life span was?

Answer 8

Erik Erikson

Question 9

The statement “the ego is dependent on the is” would most likely reflect the work of?

Answer 9

Sigmund Freud, who created psychodynamic theory

Question 10

Known for his ideas related to adult cognitive development; especially regarding college students.

Answer 10

Robert Perry

Question 11

An ego psychologist emphasize the power of control or ego.

Answer 11

Erik Erikson

Question 12

Known for his work in strategic and problem-solving therapy, often utilizing technology of paradox

Answer 12

Jay Haley

Question 13

Considered a pioneer in the behavior therapy movement, especially in regard to the use of systematic desensitization, a technique which helps clients cope with phobias. Today his name is associated with multimodal therapy.

Answer 13

Arnold Lazarus

Question 14

Stresses a concept known as dualistic thinking.

Answer 14

Robert Perry

Question 15

Common to teens in which things are conceptualized as good or bad or right and wrong. Referred to as black and white thinking with virtually no ambiguity.

Answer 15

Dualistic thinking

Question 16

The individual now has the ability to perceive that not everything is right or wrong, but an answer can exist relative to a specific situation.

Answer 16

Relativistic thinking

Question 17

Well-known figure in the area of adult cognitive development. His model stresses interpersonal development. His theory is billed as a “constructive model of development, meaning that individuals construct reality throughout the life span.

Answer 17

Robert Kegan

Question 18

Jean Piaget’s idiographic approach created his theory with four stages. The correct order for stage one to stage four is

Answer 18

Sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations.

Question 19

Theories such as Freud and Piaget examine individuals (not groups of people) in depth.

Answer 19

Idiographic approaches

Question 20

Can be contrasted with nomothetic approaches such as behaviorism or the DSM where large numbers of people are studied to create general principles that apply to the population.

Answer 20

Idiographic theories

Question 21

Was adamant that the order of the stages remains the same for any culture although the age of the individual could vary

Answer 21

Piaget

Question 22

Some behavioral scientists have been critical of Swiss a child psychologist Jean Piaget’s developmental research inasmuch as?

Answer 22

His findings were often derived from observing his own children (Lucienne, Laurent, & Jaqueline)

Question 23

A tall skinny pitcher of water is emptied into a small squatty pitcher. A child indicates that she feels the small pitcher has less water. This child has not yet mastered?

Answer 23

Conservation