Human Growth and Development

Question 1

Erik Erikson proposed _______ stages of psychosocial development

Answer 1

Eight

Question 2

Idiographic approaches (Piaget, Erikson)

Answer 2

Examine individuals in depth

Question 3

Conservation

Answer 3

Piaget’s theory that a substance’s weight, mass, and volume remain the same even if it changes shape

Question 4

Focused on moral development

Answer 4

Kohlberg

Question 5

Focused on development through educational intervention

Answer 5

Vygotsky

Question 6

Kohlberg’s three levels of morality

Answer 6

1. Preconventional: Child responds to consequences
2. Conventional: Individual wants to meet others’ standards
3. Postconventional: Individual concerned with universal, ethical issues and human rights
   Each has 2 stages

Question 7

Used by Kohlberg to assess level of moral development

Answer 7

The Heinz dilemma

Question 8

Erikson’s 8 stages of development

Answer 8

1. Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1 y/o)
2. Autonomy vs. Shame (1-3 y/o)
3. Initiative vs. Guilt (3-6 y/o)
4. Industry vs. Inferiority (6-12 y/o)
5. Identity vs. Confusion (12-19 y/o)
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation (20-25 y/o)
7. Generativity vs. Stagnation (26-64 y/o)
8. Integrity vs. Despair (65-death)

Question 9

Maturationism

Answer 9

Belief that child is a growing organism itself with education only “passively supporting” development, instead of filling child with information

Question 10

Order of Freud’s stages

Answer 10

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Question 11

Piaget’s stages of development

Answer 11

1. Sensorimotor (birth to 24 m/o)
2. Preoperational (2-7 y/o)
3. Concrete Operational (7-11 y/o)
4. Formal Operational (11-adulthood)

Question 12

Imprinting work was done mainly by _____

Answer 12

Lorenz

Question 13

Equilibration

Answer 13

Child’s mind accommodating new information (assimilation)