Human Growth And Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is human growth

A

Is about increases in physical size for example height and weight

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2
Q

What is human development?

A

About the way we increase our skills and develop abilities and emotions

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3
Q

What are the life stages?

A
Infancy 
Childhood
Adolescence 
Adult hood
Later adult good
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4
Q

What is the age rang for infancy?

A

0-3

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5
Q

What is the age range for childhood?

A

4-10 years

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6
Q

What is the age range for adolescence?

A

11-18 years

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7
Q

What is the age range for adult hood?

A

19-65 years

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8
Q

What is the age range for later adult hood?

A

65+ years

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9
Q

Give examples for infant reflexes?

A

Grasp reflex
Routine relflex
Walking reflex
Resting position

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10
Q

What is a gross motor skill?

A

Whole body movements that depend on being able to control large muscles in their arms and legs

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11
Q

Give examples of gross motor skills in the infancy stage

A

Sitting up
Crawling
Walking

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12
Q

What is a fine motor skill?

A

These are manipulative movements that we make with our fingers which rely on control over small muscles

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13
Q

How can a child’s height and weight be measured?

A

Percentile chart

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14
Q

Give examples of growth motor skills that are improved throughout childhood

A

Hit a ball with a bat
Catch a ball
Can skip
Throw and catch accurately

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15
Q

What is a fine motor skill?

A

These are manipulative movements that we make with our fingers which rely on control over small muscles

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16
Q

Give examples of gross motor skills in the infancy stage

A

Sitting up
Crawling
Walking

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17
Q

What is a gross motor skill?

A

Whole body movements that depend on being able to control large muscles in their arms and legs

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18
Q

Give examples of growth motor skills that are improved throughout childhood

A

To be able to hit a ball

Catch a ball

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19
Q

What intellectual development happens in childhood?

A

Children understand concepts
Use their minds to organise thoughts and information
They have a simple understanding of right and wrong
Also begin to learn new vocabulary
Can see things from someone’s point of view

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20
Q

What is emotional development in childhood?

A

They experience a wide range of emotions
They get better at controlling the way they respond to their emotions
They learn they should express their emotions differently in different situations

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21
Q

What is social development in childhood?

A

Children need other children to play with
They are much better at understanding the feelings of others and understand they have to take turns
They can be separated from their main career without getting stressed
They choose their own friends

22
Q

What causes the changes in adolescence?

A

The production of hormones

The hormones produce the growth spurt and also cause the sex organs to produce sex hormones

23
Q

What are the physical development changes in a girl during adolescence?

A

Hips widen
Start to menstruates
Develop breasts
Grow pubic and underarm hair

24
Q

What are the physical development changes in a boy during adolescence?

A

Penis and testes grow larger
May have wet dreams ( to show they can ejaculate sperm )
Voice breaks and deepens
Grows underarm public and facial hair
Muscles develop ( chest and shoulders broaden )

25
Q

What is intellectual development in adolescence?

A

Rapid changes in their mind
Understands difficult concepts
Synthesis information to blend information together
Use imagination to solve problems

26
Q

What is emotional development in adolescence?

A

Hormones changes responsible for puberty
Also effects adolescence in motions
Cause mood swings where they may be excited one minute and get depressed the next
Maybe moody and get angry very easily
They are also insecure

27
Q

What is social development in adolescence?

A

Develop independence
Their parents opinion becomes less important to them
It is very important for them to fit in with their pier group
Eg wearing the right kind of clothes

28
Q

What is physical growth and development in adulthood?

A

Gain weight due to more sedentary ( slow and still )
Women experience menopause ( when your periods stop )
This is caused by hormonal changes in their body stopping them from having children

29
Q

What is intellectual development in adulthood?

A

They learn and develop new skills
Can easily apply these in new situations
They get a job
Can react quickly to difficult situations
How ever as they age throughout adulthood their reaction becomes more slow and they find it difficult to remember things under pressure

30
Q

What is emotional development in adulthood?

A

Very mature
Can control the way they respond to their emotions
Very independent and self reliant
Start to develop relationships
Begin to understand their emotions of their partner
Start to produce children ( which can cause them a lot of stress - they must learn to balance their own needs and the needs of the child to ensure neither gets neglected )

31
Q

What is social development in adulthood?

A

May have a partner and get married
This means making decisions
Accepting responsibility and sharing
Their relationships with their parents change- they relate to them as equals
Also have different types of Social relationships
Eg work relationships are for more formal then family / friendship relationships

32
Q

What is physical growth in later adulthood?

A

Become shorter as their posture becomes less upright and their spin becomes compressed
Experience physical decline especially after 70 years - mobility becomes more restricted
Get winkles - hair goes grey - hair loss
Bones are more fragile
Organs are less efficient
Eye sight gets worse
Hearing deteriorates

33
Q

What is intellectual development in later adult hood?

A

Difficulty in remembering things - particularly when they are under pressure
Reaction times are slower
Very experienced and knowledgeable - as a result may make better decisions
They may become confused - cannot manage their own affairs
Also vulnerable to dementia

34
Q

What is social development in later adulthood?

A

A time for great social change - retirement this may effect the amount of relationships they have with other people as their work places relationships have been taken out of their lives
May become socially isolated - their children are adults also living their own lives and there for they may become lonely
If they find it a struggle to be mobile they may be unable to leave the house and there for interactions with other people suffer a small social life
They suffer bereavements of friends or close relatives or their partner so must get used to a smaller social circle

35
Q

Give examples of growth motor skills that are improved throughout childhood

A

To be able to hit a ball

Catch a ball

36
Q

What intellectual development happens in childhood?

A

Children understand concepts
Use their minds to organise thoughts and information
They have a simple understanding of right and wrong
Also begin to learn new vocabulary
Can see things from someone’s point of view

37
Q

What is emotional development in childhood?

A

They experience a wide range of emotions
They get better at controlling the way they respond to their emotions
They learn they should express their emotions differently in different situations

38
Q

What is social development in childhood?

A

Children need other children to play with
They are much better at understanding the feelings of others and understand they have to take turns
They can be separated from their main career without getting stressed
They choose their own friends

39
Q

What causes the changes in adolescence?

A

The production of hormones

The hormones produce the growth spurt and also cause the sex organs to produce sex hormones

40
Q

What are the physical development changes in a girl during adolescence?

A

Hips widen
Start to menstruates
Develop breasts
Grow pubic and underarm hair

41
Q

What are the physical development changes in a boy during adolescence?

A

Penis and testes grow larger
May have wet dreams ( to show they can ejaculate sperm )
Voice breaks and deepens
Grows underarm public and facial hair
Muscles develop ( chest and shoulders broaden )

42
Q

What is intellectual development in adolescence?

A

Rapid changes in their mind
Understands difficult concepts
Synthesis information to blend information together
Use imagination to solve problems

43
Q

What is emotional development in adolescence?

A

Hormones changes responsible for puberty
Also effects adolescence in motions
Cause mood swings where they may be excited one minute and get depressed the next
Maybe moody and get angry very easily
They are also insecure

44
Q

What is social development in adolescence?

A

Develop independence
Their parents opinion becomes less important to them
It is very important for them to fit in with their pier group
Eg wearing the right kind of clothes

45
Q

What is physical growth and development in adulthood?

A

Gain weight due to more sedentary ( slow and still )
Women experience menopause ( when your periods stop )
This is caused by hormonal changes in their body stopping them from having children

46
Q

What is intellectual development in adulthood?

A

They learn and develop new skills
Can easily apply these in new situations
They get a job
Can react quickly to difficult situations
How ever as they age throughout adulthood their reaction becomes more slow and they find it difficult to remember things under pressure

47
Q

What is emotional development in adulthood?

A

Very mature
Can control the way they respond to their emotions
Very independent and self reliant
Start to develop relationships
Begin to understand their emotions of their partner
Start to produce children ( which can cause them a lot of stress - they must learn to balance their own needs and the needs of the child to ensure neither gets neglected )

48
Q

What is social development in adulthood?

A

May have a partner and get married
This means making decisions
Accepting responsibility and sharing
Their relationships with their parents change- they relate to them as equals
Also have different types of Social relationships
Eg work relationships are for more formal then family / friendship relationships

49
Q

What is physical growth in later adulthood?

A

Become shorter as their posture becomes less upright and their spin becomes compressed
Experience physical decline especially after 70 years - mobility becomes more restricted
Get winkles - hair goes grey - hair loss
Bones are more fragile
Organs are less efficient
Eye sight gets worse
Hearing deteriorates

50
Q

What is intellectual development in later adult hood?

A

Difficulty in remembering things - particularly when they are under pressure
Reaction times are slower
Very experienced and knowledgeable - as a result may make better decisions
They may become confused - cannot manage their own affairs
Also vulnerable to dementia

51
Q

What is social development in later adulthood?

A

A time for great social change - retirement this may effect the amount of relationships they have with other people as their work places relationships have been taken out of their lives
May become socially isolated - their children are adults also living their own lives and there for they may become lonely
If they find it a struggle to be mobile they may be unable to leave the house and there for interactions with other people suffer a small social life
They suffer bereavements of friends or close relatives or their partner so must get used to a smaller social circle