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INTRO TO PSYCH > Human Growth And Development > Flashcards

Human Growth And Development Flashcards

1
Q

The way you were born

A

Nature

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2
Q

The way you were raised

A

Nurture

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3
Q

Participants of different ages studied at the same time.

A

Cross-Sectional Studies

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4
Q

One group of people studied over a period of time.

A

Longitudinal Studies

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5
Q

Conception begins with the drop of an egg and the release of about 200 million sperm.

A

Prenatal Development

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6
Q

The sperm seeks out the egg and attempts to penetrate the egg’s surface.

A

Prenatal Development

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7
Q

a fertilized egg once the sperm penetrates the egg.

A

Zygote

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8
Q

The first stage of prenatal development.

A

Zygote

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9
Q

it lasts about two weeks and consists of rapid cell division.

A

Zygote

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10
Q

The outer part of the zygote becomes the ____ (which filters nutrients)

A

placenta

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11
Q

After two weeks, the zygote develops into an ___.

A

Embryo

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12
Q

Other term for Identical Twins

A

Monozygotic twins

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13
Q

Other term for Fraternal Twins

A

Dizygotic twins

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14
Q

it lasts about 6 weeks.

A

Embryo

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15
Q

Stage where Heart begins to beat and the organs begin to develop.

A

Embryo

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16
Q

How many weeks till we have a Fetus?

A

9 weeks

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17
Q

By about the ___ month, the stomach and other organs have formed enough to survive outside of the mother.

A

6th month

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18
Q

Chemical agents that can harm the prenatal environment.

A

Teratogens

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19
Q

Other STDs can harm the baby?

A

HIV, Herpes, Genital Warts

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20
Q

How will you know if it’s a healthy newborn?

A

Turn head towards voices.
See 8 to 12 inches from their faces.
Gaze longer at human-like objects right from birth.

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21
Q

what inches does the healthy newborn can see?

A

about 8-12 inches

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22
Q

What is Reflexes?

A

inborn automatic responses.

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23
Q

It is the Physical growth, regardless of the environment.

A

Maturation

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24
Q

The period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing.

A

Puberty

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25
Landmarks for Puberty
Menarche for girls. First ejaculation for boys.
26
Body structures that make reproduction possible.
Primary Sexual Characteristics
27
Nonreproductive sexual characteristics.
Secondary Sexual Characteristics
28
Physical Milestones:
Menopause
29
Women outlive men by about how many years?
4 years.
30
Elizabeth Kubler-Ross’s Stages of Death/Grief.
1.Denial 2.Anger 3.Bargaining 4.Depression 5.Acceptance
31
The most important social construct an infant must develop is
Attachment
32
Types of Attachment
1. Secure 2. Avoidant 3.Anxious/ambivalent
33
Parenting Styles
Authoritarian Parents Permissive Parents Authoritative Parents
34
It travels to different areas of our body throughout our development.
Libido
35
He created Psychosexual Stages of Development
Sigmund Freud
36
FREUD's PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
Oral Stage Anal Stage Phallic Stage Latency Stage Genital Stage
37
People fixated in this stage tend to overeat, smoke or have a childhood dependence on things.
Oral Stage
38
Seek pleasure through our mouths
Oral Stage
39
A person fixated may become overly controlling (retentive) or out of control (expulsive)
Anal Stage
40
Causes conflict in families with the Oedipus and Electra Complexes.
Phallic Stage
41
girls’ adoration and attraction to their fathers and resentment, hostility and rivalry towards their mothers.
Electra Complex
42
child’s sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex and a sense of rivalry with the parent of the same sex.
Oedipus Complex
43
Interlude during which sexual needs are quiet and children put psychic energy into conventional activities like school works and sports.
Latency Stage
44
Freud thought fixation in this stage is normal.
Genital Stage
45
he created the Psychosocial Development
Erik Erikson
46
Babies either trust that others will care for their basic needs, including nourishment, warmth, cleanliness. and physical contact, or develop mistrust about the care of others
TRUST VS MISTRUST
47
Children either become self-sufficient in many activities, including toileting, feeding, walking exploring, and talking, or doubt their own
AUTONOMY VS SHAME AND DOUBT
48
Children either want to undertake many adult activities or internalize the limits and prohibitions set by parents. They feel either adventurous or guilty.
INITIATIVE VS GUILT
49
Children busily learn to be competent and productive in mastering new skills or feel interior unable to do anything as well as they wish they could
INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY
50
Adolescents try to figure out "Who am I?" They establish sexual, political, and vocational identities or are confused about what roles to play
IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION
51
Young adults seek companionship and love or become isolated from others because they fear rejection and disappointment
INTIMACY VS ISOLATION
52
Middle-aged adults contribute to the next generation through meaningful work, creative activities, and raising a family, or they stagnate
GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION
53
Older adults try to make sense out of their lives, either seeing as a meaningful whole or despairing at goals never reached
INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR
54
It is basically what you picture in your head when you think of anything.
Schemas
55
in which new experiences are interpreted to fit into, or assimilate with, old ideas
Assimilation
56
in which old ideas are restructured to include, or accommodate, new experiences
Accommodation
57
Stages of Cognitive Development
1. Sensorimotor Stage 2. Preoperational Stage 3. Conservation 4. Concrete Operational Stage 5. Formal Operational Stage
58
Experience the world through our senses.
Sensorimotor Stage
59
Begin to use language to represent objects and ideas
Preoperational Stage
60
refers to the idea that a quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance and is part of logical thinking.
Conservation
61
Can demonstrate the concept of conservation. Learn to think logically
Concrete Operational Stage
62
Manipulate objects in our minds without seeing them
Formal Operational Stage
63
____ says children do not learn in stages but rather a gradual continuous growth.
Information- Processing Model
64
Types of Intelligence
Crystallized Intelligence Fluid Intelligence
65
Ability to solve problems quickly and think abstractly. it Peaks in the 20’s and then decreases over time
Fluid Intelligence
66
Accumulated knowledge. Increases with age.
Crystallized Intelligence
67
Moral Development Three Stage Theory by Lawrence Kohlberg
Pre-Conventional Morality Conventional Morality Post-Conventional Morality
68
Morality based on rewards and punishments.
Pre-Conventional Morality
69
Look at morality based on how others see you.
Conventional Morality
70
Based on self defined ethical principles. Your own personal set of ethics.
Post-Conventional Morality

INTRO TO PSYCH (10 decks)

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