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INTRO TO PSYCH > Human Growth And Development > Flashcards

Human Growth And Development Flashcards

1
Q

The way you were born

A

Nature

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2
Q

The way you were raised

A

Nurture

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3
Q

Participants of different ages studied at the same time.

A

Cross-Sectional Studies

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4
Q

One group of people studied over a period of time.

A

Longitudinal Studies

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5
Q

Conception begins with the drop of an egg and the release of about 200 million sperm.

A

Prenatal Development

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6
Q

The sperm seeks out the egg and attempts to penetrate the egg’s surface.

A

Prenatal Development

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7
Q

a fertilized egg once the sperm penetrates the egg.

A

Zygote

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8
Q

The first stage of prenatal development.

A

Zygote

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9
Q

it lasts about two weeks and consists of rapid cell division.

A

Zygote

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10
Q

The outer part of the zygote becomes the ____ (which filters nutrients)

A

placenta

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11
Q

After two weeks, the zygote develops into an ___.

A

Embryo

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12
Q

Other term for Identical Twins

A

Monozygotic twins

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13
Q

Other term for Fraternal Twins

A

Dizygotic twins

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14
Q

it lasts about 6 weeks.

A

Embryo

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15
Q

Stage where Heart begins to beat and the organs begin to develop.

A

Embryo

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16
Q

How many weeks till we have a Fetus?

A

9 weeks

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17
Q

By about the ___ month, the stomach and other organs have formed enough to survive outside of the mother.

A

6th month

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18
Q

Chemical agents that can harm the prenatal environment.

A

Teratogens

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19
Q

Other STDs can harm the baby?

A

HIV, Herpes, Genital Warts

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20
Q

How will you know if it’s a healthy newborn?

A

Turn head towards voices.
See 8 to 12 inches from their faces.
Gaze longer at human-like objects right from birth.

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21
Q

what inches does the healthy newborn can see?

A

about 8-12 inches

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22
Q

What is Reflexes?

A

inborn automatic responses.

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23
Q

It is the Physical growth, regardless of the environment.

A

Maturation

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24
Q

The period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing.

A

Puberty

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25
Q

Landmarks for Puberty

A

Menarche for girls.
First ejaculation for boys.

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26
Q

Body structures that make reproduction possible.

A

Primary Sexual Characteristics

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27
Q

Nonreproductive sexual characteristics.

A

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

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28
Q

Physical Milestones:

A

Menopause

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29
Q

Women outlive men by about how many years?

30
Q

Elizabeth Kubler-Ross’s Stages of Death/Grief.

A

1.Denial
2.Anger
3.Bargaining
4.Depression
5.Acceptance

31
Q

The most important social construct an infant must develop is

A

Attachment

32
Q

Types of Attachment

A
  1. Secure 2. Avoidant 3.Anxious/ambivalent
33
Q

Parenting Styles

A

Authoritarian Parents
Permissive Parents
Authoritative Parents

34
Q

It travels to different areas of our body throughout our development.

35
Q

He created Psychosexual Stages of Development

A

Sigmund Freud

36
Q

FREUD’s PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

A

Oral Stage
Anal Stage
Phallic Stage
Latency Stage
Genital Stage

37
Q

People fixated in this stage tend to overeat, smoke or have a childhood dependence on things.

A

Oral Stage

38
Q

Seek pleasure through our mouths

A

Oral Stage

39
Q

A person fixated may become overly controlling (retentive) or out of control (expulsive)

A

Anal Stage

40
Q

Causes conflict in families with the Oedipus and Electra Complexes.

A

Phallic Stage

41
Q

girls’ adoration and attraction to their fathers and resentment, hostility and rivalry towards their mothers.

A

Electra Complex

42
Q

child’s sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex and a sense of rivalry with the parent of the same sex.

A

Oedipus Complex

43
Q

Interlude during which sexual needs are quiet and children put psychic energy into conventional activities like school works and sports.

A

Latency Stage

44
Q

Freud thought fixation in this stage is normal.

A

Genital Stage

45
Q

he created the Psychosocial Development

A

Erik Erikson

46
Q

Babies either trust that others will care for their basic needs, including nourishment, warmth, cleanliness. and physical contact, or develop mistrust about the care of others

A

TRUST VS MISTRUST

47
Q

Children either become self-sufficient in many activities, including toileting, feeding, walking exploring, and talking, or doubt their own

A

AUTONOMY VS SHAME AND DOUBT

48
Q

Children either want to undertake many adult activities or internalize the limits and prohibitions set by parents. They feel either adventurous or guilty.

A

INITIATIVE VS GUILT

49
Q

Children busily learn to be competent and productive in mastering new skills or feel interior unable to do anything as well as they wish they could

A

INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY

50
Q

Adolescents try to figure out “Who am I?” They establish sexual, political, and vocational identities or are confused about what roles to play

A

IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION

51
Q

Young adults seek companionship and love or become isolated from others because they fear rejection and disappointment

A

INTIMACY VS ISOLATION

52
Q

Middle-aged adults contribute to the next generation through meaningful work, creative activities, and raising a family, or they stagnate

A

GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION

53
Q

Older adults try to make sense out of their lives, either seeing as a meaningful whole or despairing at goals never reached

A

INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR

54
Q

It is basically what you picture in your head when you think of anything.

55
Q

in which new experiences are interpreted to fit into, or assimilate with, old ideas

A

Assimilation

56
Q

in which old ideas are restructured to include, or accommodate, new experiences

A

Accommodation

57
Q

Stages of Cognitive Development

A
  1. Sensorimotor Stage
  2. Preoperational Stage
  3. Conservation
  4. Concrete Operational Stage
  5. Formal Operational Stage
58
Q

Experience the world through our senses.

A

Sensorimotor Stage

59
Q

Begin to use language to represent objects and ideas

A

Preoperational Stage

60
Q

refers to the idea that a quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance and is part of logical thinking.

A

Conservation

61
Q

Can demonstrate the concept of conservation. Learn to think logically

A

Concrete Operational Stage

62
Q

Manipulate objects in our minds without seeing them

A

Formal Operational Stage

63
Q

____ says children do not learn in stages but rather a gradual continuous growth.

A

Information- Processing Model

64
Q

Types of Intelligence

A

Crystallized Intelligence
Fluid Intelligence

65
Q

Ability to solve problems quickly and think abstractly. it Peaks in the 20’s and then decreases over time

A

Fluid Intelligence

66
Q

Accumulated knowledge.
Increases with age.

A

Crystallized Intelligence

67
Q

Moral Development Three Stage Theory by Lawrence Kohlberg

A

Pre-Conventional Morality
Conventional Morality
Post-Conventional Morality

68
Q

Morality based on rewards and punishments.

A

Pre-Conventional Morality

69
Q

Look at morality based on how others see you.

A

Conventional Morality

70
Q

Based on self defined ethical principles. Your own personal set of ethics.

A

Post-Conventional Morality

INTRO TO PSYCH (10 decks)

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