Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

HOSA > Human Growth and Development > Flashcards

Human Growth and Development Flashcards

1
Q

Life expectancy

A

The average number of years a person is expected to live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Health

A

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Physical health

A

Influenced by genetic makeup; includes physical features but also genetic weakness or disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Psychological health

A

Refers to how a person feels and expresses emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Social health

A

Deals with everyday issues of economics, religion, and culture as well as the interactions of people living together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cognitive health

A

Encompasses a person’s ability to learn and develop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Health promotion

A

Health care directed toward the goal of increasing one’s optimal level of wellness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the national aspirations for health promotion? (3 goals?)

A

1.) Healthy lives for more Americans
2.) Elimination of healthcare disparities
3.) Access to preventive services for everyone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three levels of disease prevention?

A

1.) Primary
2.) Secondary
3.) Tertiary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

Prevention that occurs before there is any disease or dysfunction (ie. nutrition, exercise, basic hygiene, vaccines, etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

The diagnosis of disease or infectious processes. Focuses on early diagnosis. (Ex. Screening, treatment)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Begins when a permanent disability occurs. It’s goal is to regain lost function and develop new, compensatory skills (ie. cane, hearing aid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When does health restoration begin?

A

When the disease process is stabilized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Malnutrition

A

Poor dietary practice that results from the lack of essential nutrients or the failure to use available foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How much exercise is recommended for adults?

A

At least 30 minutes of moderate physical exercise daily or on most days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How much exercise is recommended for children?

A

At least 60 minutes of physical activity daily or on most days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Who came up with/created the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)?

A

Hans Selye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 3 stages of general adaptation syndrome (GAS)?

A

1.) Alarm stage - Hormones place body in a state of readiness (fight-or-flight response)
2.) State of resistance - Body attempts to adapt to stressors
3.) State of exhaustion - After lots of stress the body’s energy becomes depleted, resulting in disease or destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 3 phases of separation anxiety?

A

1.) Protest - loud crying, restlessness, dissatisfaction with substitute caregivers
2.) Despair - sense of hopelessness, quieter period
3.) Detachment - state of withdrawal and apathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Regression

A

The return to an earlier stage of development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are symptoms of substance abuse?

A

Gradual reduction in awareness, decline in self-esteem, and withdrawal from involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What deaths is alcohol use involved in?

A
  • 1/2 of the deaths caused by motor vehicle crashes
  • 1/3 of all homicides, drownings, and boating deaths
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is empowerment?

A

Client-centered decision-making

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Beliefs

A

The truths held by a culture’s people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Values
Deeply embedded feelings, which determine what is considered good or bad, right or wrong
26
Norms
Socially accepted rules and behavior that guide an individual's behavior and interactions within the culture
27
Folkways
Customs within the culture that determines how we greet each other
28
Laws
Written policies supported and enforced by the government
29
Mores
Moral beliefs that are strongly held by members of the culture
30
Sanctions
Social remedies for violating any of the norms
31
Symbols
Expressed as language, gestures, or objects that people within a culture use to communicate with each other
32
Race
A group of people who share certain similar physical characteristics including skin color, hair texture, facial shape, and/or body shape and size
33
Ethnicity
Stable cultural patterns shared by a group of families with the same historical roots
34
Who introduced the theory of transcultural nursing?
Madeline Lenninger
35
What is transcultural nursing?
A way of viewing patients as belonging to one world with many cultures
36
Family
Two or more people who have chosen to live together and share their interests, roles, and resources
37
What are the basic functions of the family?
- Physical maintenance: Family must provide food, clothing, water, and shelter for each of its members - Protection: Each family member needs protection against inherited and acquired illnesses and injury - Nurturance: Loving care and attention for each member - Socialization and Education: Children learn how to interact with their social environment by observing how other family members act and respond. Educational success cannot be accomplished unless both fairly and school work together. - Reproduction: The means by which the family survives and passes its genes to succeeding generations - Recreation: Family unit should be able to spend time together in pleasurable activity
38
Nuclear or Conjugal Family
Consists of a husband, wife, and their children.
39
Extended Family
- Consists of the nuclear family plus grandparents, aunts, uncles, or cousins living under the same roof - Provides temporary respite from economic or social hardship
40
Single-Parent Family
- Consists of an adult living with one or more children - 60-70% of families are single-parent families
41
Infant mortality rate
The number of infant deaths per 1000 live births, occurring in the first year of life
42
Blended or Reconstituted Family
Created when one or both partners bring children from a previous marriage into the relationship
43
Cohabitative Family
- A man and woman choose to live together without the legal bonds of matrimony - May be less stable
44
Communal Family
- Consists of a group of people who have a common philosophy, value system, and goals who choose to live together, sharing roles and resources - Became popular in the 1960s - Still exists in rural areas
45
Omnipotence
Unlimited power or authority
46
Functional Family
One that fosters the growth and development of its memebers
47
Dysfunctional Family
Unable to offer its members a stable structure
48
Growth
An increase in physical size; quantitative
49
Development
The progressive acquisition of skills and the capacity to function; qualitative
50
Cephalocaudal
Growth and development that begins at the head of the individual and progresses downward toward the feet
51
Proximodistal
Growth and development that progresses from the center of the body toward the extremities
52
What were Freud's 5 stages of psychosexual development?
1.) Oral 2.) Anal 3.) Phallic 4.) Latency 5.) Genital
53
What theory did Erikson develop?
Psychosocial development
54
What does Erikson's theory of psychosocial development describe?
That certain tasks need to be accomplished in each of the 8 stages: trust versus mistrust, autonomy versus shame and doubt, initiative versus guilt, industry versus inferiority, identity versus role confusion, intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and ego integrity versus despair.
55
What theory did Piaget develop?
Cognitive development
56
What does Piaget's theory describe?
That cognitive development proceeds through 4 staged: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational
57
What theory did Maslow develop?
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
58
What does Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs describe?
Human behavior was motivated by human needs arranged hierarchically from the most basic to the most complex. Beginning with physiological, these needs progress to those for safety, belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization.
59
What theory did Kohlberg develop?
Theory of Moral Development
60
What did Kohlberg's theory of development describe?
Identified 3 levels of moral development: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. Moral development progresses within these stages in an orderly sequence. However, one does not attain the highest level of moral reasoning.
61
What theory did Gilligan develop?
Moral reasoning from a feminine perspective

HOSA (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions