Human Gas Exchange (Exam III) Flashcards
Tube composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue, which opens into a cluster of alveoli
Alveolar duct
Carries deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary trunk to the alveoli
Pulmonary artery
Carries newly oxygenated blood from the alveoli to heart for later delivery to the body’s tissues
Pulmonary Vein
Structure that provides afferent input and detects when artery stretches because of an increase in pressure
Baroreceptors
Structure that provides afferent input and is important for monitoring pH that alters respiration. They inform the brain on changes carbon dioxide or oxygen levels in the blood, mostly used for respiratory system.
Chemoreceptors
Protein found in most vertebrate (and some invertebrate) red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body’s tissues and carries CO2 back to the lungs. ~98% of all oxygen is bound to it.
Hemoglobin
Iron and Oxygen binding protein found in muscle cells of vertebrates.
Myoglobin
Concentration of this gas is more important when determining respiratory rate.
CO2
Allosteric interactions between hemes based on different pH values, involved in the release of O2 into the tissues.
Bohr effect
Contraction of the intercostal muscles causes what to occur?
The ribs and sternum move upward allowing for inspiration
If pH of the blood has decreased then the concentration of carbon dioxide has______
Increased (inverse relationship)
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 45 mm Hg in the blood and 40 mm Hg in the alveoli.
What happens to the carbon dioxide?
It diffuses into the alveoli
Inspiration occurs when intra-alveolar pressure is ______ than atmospheric pressure
Lower
Inspiration occurs when intra-alveolar pressure is ______ than atmospheric pressure
Expiration occurs when intra-pulmonary pressure is ______ than atmospheric pressure
Higher
