Human form and function Flashcards
Humans are in kingdom animalia. What are its features?
- Capable of independant movement
- External energy source
- Cells surrounded by cell membrane and not cell wall
Features of the superphylum coelomate?
- Three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm
- Fluid filled internal body cavity - coelom
- Gut tube suspended in coelom
What is a coelom?
A coelom is a body cavity which is completely lined with mesoderm. An acoelomate is an animal which does not have a coelom.
Humans are in the phylum chordata. What are the features?
During at least some stages of development:
- Notochord (mesodermal) and tail
- Dorsal hollow nerve cord (neural tube) – ectodermal
- Pharyngeal pouches – lined with endoderm, covered by ectoderm
- Segmentation and polarity
Explain nortochord formation (how and when) by labelling the diagram
Explain the formation of neural tube
Explain pharyngeal pouches
Pharyngeal pouches are lined with endoderm and covered with ectoderm
Explain the segmentation and polarity of chordata
Explain the segmentation and polarity of the chordata
One of the main things is that we have axial borders
Name the features of the subphylum vertebrate
Presence of
- Backbone (vertebral column or spine)
- Skeleton (including skull)
- Spinal cord and spinal nerves
- Four limbs with five digits
Subphylum: Vertebrate - Features
4. Basic tetrapod limb pattern
What exactly is this feature?
Each limb has:
- Principal bone proximal
- Paired long bones
- Short bones
- Five digits
What subphylum does snakes belong to?
Tetrapods
What are the 3 groups of class mammalia?
- Monotremes (echidna and platypus) → oviparous
- Marsupials → viviparous (born prematurely, development completes in pouch)
- Eutherians → viviparous (complete development in uterus)
