Human Factors 4 (Part 1) Flashcards
The knowledge of human _____ is important to understand physical performance of a task
capacity
Learn the Human-Machine Interaction image.
Slide 4
Information Processing: top down versus bottom up processing?
top down - controlling
bottom up - sensing
What is Hick’s Law? (aka Hick-Hyman Law)
RT required for a correct response to a given stimulus is related to the amount of information 0 the more things you have to think about, the slower the RT
Why can models be much easier to follow than word descriptions?
it usually reduces the total amount of information you have to perceive
What is the timeline for our temporary storage of the representation of raw stimuli for iconic and echoic stimuli?
Visual: 100-500 ms
Auditory: 3-5 secs
How can the range of sensitivity be measured?
It can be expressed from the smallest detectable (absolute threshold) to the upper limit (largest tolerable - can be pain threshold)
thresholds are used to determine ______
sensitivity
What does 0 represent on a sound scale?
the threshold because it is the first sound we can hear
What is the just-noticeable difference?
the smallest difference between two stimuli of differing intensities
what are upper limits used to define?
safety limits
Semantic vs episodic memory?
Semantic - knowledge of the world, concepts
Episodic - memory of events
___ is an interaction of short term and long-term memory stores that include ____ and _____
cognition; perception and attention
Rehearsal, reasoning or image transformation is carried out by _____ memory
working
Material that is rehearsed in working memory can become what type of memory? What is taking place when this happens?
long term memory
learning
how long is our short term working memory?
30 seconds
remembering a telephone number is an example of what memory?
working short term memory
What does long term memory include?
- semantic
- episodic
- procedural
“the process of decoding the meaning of the raw sensory data”
perception
What are the two processes in perception?
top down
bottom up
_______ processing refers to processing sensory information as it comes in
bottom-up
_____ processing refers to perception that is driven by cognition
top down - your brain applies what it knows and what it expects to perceive
