Human Evonomics Flashcards
What is Total Fertility Rate (TFR)?
The average number of children a woman would likely have in her lifetime if subject to prevailing age-specific fertility rates and not subject to mortality.
What is Replacement-level fertility? What does a TFR lower than this indicate?
TFR of about 2.1 children per woman. A TFR lower than 2.1 indicates a generation isn’t producing enough children to replace itself, eventually leading to population reduction.
What is the primary objective of India’s healthcare system mentioned? How does preventive care compare to curative care?
Objective: Improve health status via policy action, expand preventive, promotive, curative, palliative, rehabilitative services via public sector with focus on quality. India has historically prioritized curative over preventive care. Preventive care is not yet developed at par with curative care, and palliative/rehabilitative care access is low (~2%).
Who is primarily responsible for organizing health services in India?
States are primarily responsible under India’s decentralized approach. Due to shortages, many seek private care with out-of-pocket payments.
Is participation in Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) voluntary for healthcare institutions?
Yes, participation is voluntary for institutions. However, once registered, healthcare professionals within that facility must also register with the Healthcare Professionals Registry for full integration.
What is the aim of ABDM? Is Universal Health Coverage (UHC) its direct aim?
ABDM aims to create a seamless online platform enabling interoperability within the digital healthcare ecosystem using digital building blocks. Creating seamless portability is an objective. While UHC is the mission of Ayushman Bharat overall, ABDM’s specific aim is the digital infrastructure.
What was the status of ABDM adoption as of June 2024 based on other searches?
The related CBDC retail pilot (part of digital initiatives) showed growth to 5 million customers by June 2024 [source: CBDC retail pilot customers grow to 5 million till June 2024: RBI report
Which body releases the annual publication ‘Industrial Disputes, Closures, Retrenchments and Lay-Offs in industries’?
The Labour Bureau (Ministry of Labour & Employment).
How many crops does the government announce MSPs for? What is announced for sugarcane?
MSPs for 22 mandated crops (14 kharif, 6 rabi, 2 commercial). Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) is announced for sugarcane. MSPs are also fixed for toria and de-husked coconut based on rapeseed/mustard and copra MSPs respectively.
What is the purpose of MSP?
To serve as a floor price, protecting producers/farmers from sharp price falls and ensuring prices don’t fall below this level even with bumper crops. Provides a long-term guarantee for investment decisions.
What types of losses should cyber insurance cover for individuals according to IRDAI guidelines mentioned?
Theft of funds and identity, unauthorised online transactions, email spoofing. Also includes data recovery, regulatory action costs, crisis management (forensics, legal, reputation damage, ransomware), liability claims (privacy/data breach, defamation, IPR infringement).
How does the World Bank define the international poverty line? Why does poverty assessment vary state-wise in India?
Typically based on the cost of an average adult’s annual expenses for necessities. Methodologies vary state-wise in India due to differences in interstate prices for commodities.
What is Social Capital?
Interpersonal connections (social networks) and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness that arise from them; the level of mutual trust and harmony in society. It’s the potential to get resources/favors/info via personal connections. Helps members band together harmoniously.
What is Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)?
A Skill Certification Scheme launched in 2015 by MSDE to enable Indian youth to take up industry-relevant skill training for better livelihood.
What is Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)? Is it part of PMKVY?
An assessment process to evaluate existing skill sets, knowledge, experience gained through formal, non-formal, or informal learning. Yes, RPL is a component of the PMKVY Scheme. It allows transition from the non-formal to the organized job market.
Which organization publishes the Global Gender Gap Report? What dimensions does it examine?
World Economic Forum (WEF). Examines gaps between men and women in: 1. Economic Participation and Opportunity 2. Educational Attainment 3. Health and Survival 4. Political Empowerment.
What is the Smart India Hackathon (SIH)? Who can participate?
A nationwide initiative (started 2017) providing students a platform to solve pressing problems of society, organizations, government using innovative digital solutions. Aims to inculcate innovation and problem-solving. Participants include school students (SIH Jr: 6th-12th) and Higher Education students (SIH Sr: Grad/PG/PhD).
What was the goal of the National Nutrition Mission (Poshan Abhiyaan)? What specific targets were mentioned?
To create awareness about malnutrition among pregnant women/lactating mothers and achieve a malnutrition-free India by 2022. Targets: Bring down stunting in children; reduce anemia among young children, women, adolescent girls by 3% annually.
For which products is a Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) certification mandatory according to the text?
All types of automotive tyres and tubes (for two/three-wheelers, passenger cars, commercial vehicles).
What is AGMARK certification used for?
For agricultural produce, assuring conformity to grading standards notified by the Directorate of Marketing & Inspection (DMI) under the Agricultural Produce (Grading Marking) Act, 1937 [cite: AGMARK].
What is the Quality Council of India (QCI)? How is its Chairman appointed?
A national body for accreditation set up in 1996 as an autonomous organization via PPP model with support from GoI and industry associations (ASSOCHAM, CII, FICCI). Chairman appointed by the Prime Minister based on industry recommendations.
What is the National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF)? What outcomes are expected?
A competency-based framework organizing qualifications by levels (1-10) defined by learning outcomes, irrespective of how they were acquired (formal/non-formal/informal). Expected outcomes: Mobility between vocational/general education, RPL recognition, standardized training outcomes nationally.
