Human Evolution 🐒

Question 1

Why are fossil records incomplete

Answer 1

• many of the early organisms were soft bodied
• many have not been found
  -many fossils have been destroyed in geological activity
  -most dead organisms did not become fossilised
• most fossils are only sections of an organism

Question 2

Louis and Mary Leakey

Answer 2

Found fossils dating 1.6 million years ago, the skeletons looked more human like then arid and Lucy

Question 3

What is Ardi’s full name

Answer 3

Ardipithecusramidus 4.4 m.y.a

Question 4

What is Lucy’s full name?

Answer 4

Australopithecus 3.2 m.y.a

Question 5

What are Lucy’s features

Answer 5

-found in Africa
-female
- bones suggest she walked upright
-small ape like skull (400cm3)
-1.07 m tall
-curved toes but feet and hands similar to humans

Question 6

What are Ardis features?

Answer 6

• found in Africa
  -Female
  -long arms
  -long toes for climbing trees
  -small skull (350cm3)
  -1.20 m tall
• walked upright

Question 7

What is evolution?

Answer 7

The gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time.

Question 8

How did fossils help us understand human intelligence?

Answer 8

As the skull size increased from Ardi (350cm3) skull to homo sapien (1400cm3) we can also assume the brain size increased therefore so has intelligence of the species

Question 9

What are fossils?

Answer 9

Remains’ of organisms from thousands of millions of years ago, which are found in rocks.
Evidence for human evolution

Question 10

How are tools evidence for evolution?

Answer 10

Tools:
• primitive tods i e flint hand ares have been found in paleantdithie Age. 10.000 - 2.5 m.y.a
• more advanced tools i.e arrowheads have been found from Mesolithic Age 6.000 - 10.000,m.y.a
-even more advanced tools have been found fromNeolithic age 4.000 -6. 000 ago

Question 11

How can tools be dated.

Answer 11

•Dates of these tools are approximate and are dated by the environment they are found in.
•Often this is layers of sediment surrounding the tool
• Dating can be done by radiocarbon dating or other techniques which look at the amount of elements like ion or potassium .
• It is assumed that the tool is approximately as old as the rock surrounding it

Question 12

How does the bone structure of a whale and a human suggest evolution?

Answer 12

-both share pentadactyl bone structure =both share a common ancestor with the same bone structure
-similar carpels

Question 13

What is Darwin’s theory?

Answer 13

Theory of evolution THROUGH natural selection proposes that species evolve over time through a process of natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Question 14

Example of Darwin’s theory?

Answer 14

Finches beaks adapted to the food available after drought. The finches with the smaller beaks died out as they couldn’t eat the seeds.

Question 15

What are the stages of natural selection?

Answer 15

• species show variatien, due to mutation.
• competition for food, space, water and mates=selection pressure
• better adapted will survive
• those that survive, reproduce and pass on genes to offspring - will show beneficial variation
• reseats over many generation until there is an increase in an advantageous characeristics

Question 16

Name the ways a species can become extinct:

Answer 16

-increased competition for food and mates= limited supply
- new diseases kill of animals
- new predators