Human Enviromet- Urban issues & Challenges (mumbai:dharavi/ City In UK & Urban Living

Question 1

Define urbanisation

Answer 1

Increase in population or percentage of people living in town or cities compared to the rural areas

Question 2

HIC

Answer 2

High income country

Question 3

LIC

Answer 3

Low income country

Question 4

Define rural

Answer 4

Urban migration

Question 5

What does ‘Push Factor’

Answer 5

Lack services and jobs in rural areas limited economic opportunities environment
Eg food or drought

Question 6

What is a ‘Pull Factor’

Answer 6

Job opportunities in cites being created by companies from the HIC’s due to globalisation this turn leads to demand for constructions

Question 7

What is growth of the cities is inherently linked to

Answer 7

Linked to economic growth

Question 8

What is natural increase

Answer 8

Birth rates tend to be higher in cities due to larger proportion of young economically active and reproductively active people

Question 9

When the cities in LICs grows rapidly where do most people end up living in

Answer 9

Urban sums, shanty town, squatter settlements

Question 10

What are the five elements that a household is defined as one that lacks of the following:

Answer 10

Access to improved water 
Access to improved sanitation
Security of tenure (have rights to be there)
Durability of housing (materials)
Sufficient living space 
Access to clean water

Question 11

Why might people move from Rural India to city like Mumbai

Answer 11

PUSH- difficult environmental conditions such as drought. Lack of investment in rural areas, poor crop yield due to drought
PULL- better facility such a s school. More jobs opportunities

Question 12

Four things about Mumbai

Answer 12

Mumbai has been a constantly evolving, globally engaged city over the past 150 years.
Most globalised city in South Asia
Hub for smaller businesses with inter/national reach
Evolving religion system of cities

Question 13

Facts about Dharavi Development

Answer 13

1billion people are living in slums & squatter settlements in the world
The slums & squatter settlements will rise 2 billion by 2030
15% of urban population lives in slums in over 600 cities and town in India

Question 14

What are the three things Dharavi concerned for :

Answer 14

CITIZENS- hygiene, crime
LANDSCAPE- helplessness, financial loss
SLUM SELLERS- healthcare, knowledge, environment

Question 15

Dharavi development

Answer 15

Each family will be given a hose of 225 square feet. Rebuild with high casks architecture like Norman Foster with glass, steel, walkways, green space and monorails. Shelters wi be moved into tower blocks no other choice but to goo vertical. Crafts men & posters are forced to leave recycle shutdown.

Question 16

Who can live in the Dharavi development

Answer 16

Anyone living in the apartment since 200 is eligible so that is only offering a certain proportion of the local. People are only allowed to live in the ground floor only.

Question 17

General facts in London

Answer 17

2.5 million are migrants 
1 in 3 were not born in London 
2001 London was home for 42 country's 
300 language spoken 
1.7 million of London speaks another language other than English
36% is foreign born

Question 18

What is the population for United Kingdom

Answer 18

5175677

Question 19

Few places of inner london

Answer 19

Westminster, Tower Hamlets, Southwark

Question 20

Few places of outer London

Answer 20

Bexley, Harrow, Sutton

Question 21

Facts about Oyster cards

Answer 21

Electronic card to travel around London. Introduced in July 2003. Used for buses, trams, tube, DLR, national Rail. By 2012 43 million Oyster card had been issued. Electromagnetic field is created between the reader and the chip which allows data to be transferred from te reader to your card. It encourages people to take the public transport witch means less cars less pollution

Question 22

Advantaged and disadvantaged in a Oyster card

Answer 22

Doesn’t expire | Not tourist freindly
Travel fast and easily. | Easy to lose
Saves f having to buy lots ticket. | Pay £5 deposit u can’t get back
Travel many places. | If lost cant get money back

Question 23

Facts about congestion charge

Answer 23

£11.50 daily charge
Driving a vehicle is between 7am to 6pm on Mon-Fri
London was the first country to introduce congestion charge
It encourages other people to use more sort of other transports
Cars can only pay once/ pay online/u will get a penalty charge notice

Question 24

Advantages of congestion charge

Answer 24

Less trains buses and walking.
Less cars = no pollution
Safer for cyclists on the road
Reduce traffic

Question 25

Disadvantages of congestion charge

Answer 25

People visit out of town

sopping centre=loss

Question 26

Facts about Boris Bikes

Answer 26

Named after Boris Johnson who was the Mayor of London
We’re sponsored by Barclays but in April 2015 they are sponsored by Santander
Steps: hire,ride and return
Owned by TFL

Question 27

Advantages of boris bikes

Answer 27

Encourage people cycling than driving

Preserves fossil fuels and makes London eco friendly

Question 28

Disadvantage of boris bikes

Answer 28

Rely entirely on computer systems which fail occasionally
Not enough space available
No bikes at the docking point

Question 29

Why is it important to have green space in cities

Answer 29

Good for the environment
Food prevention
Habitats for wildlife
Trees helps to process pollution

Question 30

London international importance

Answer 30

18 largest railway network in the world
Busiest railway in Europe
Benefits for having international business is the growth,better margins, & earlier payments
Risk is that the misunderstanding the local legal framework, no communication with your business partner & unstable profits

Question 31

London national importance

Answer 31

Railway system is the oldest in the world opened in 1825
British railway network is connected with the continual Europe by an undersea rail link
The next migration to the U.K is 327,00
More immigrants in the U.K.
Immigration of the EU citizens remains lower than non EU

Question 32

What is Greenfiled Site

Answer 32

Land which has not been occupied by a permanent structure. Usually applies to land in the countryside but can be undeveloped land within an urban setting

Question 33

What is Brownfield Site

Answer 33

Land which has been developed and has been occupied by a permanent structure. It may be an urban or rural setting. It doesn’t include agriculture land, forest or parks.

Question 34

Define social deprivation

Answer 34

A person that lacks the things that are essential for a decent life, i clouding work, money, housing and services.

Question 35

Why is inequality still a change in London

Answer 35

Low life expectancy in the most deprived parts of the city is closely linked to poor diet, housing and education p, as well as lack of employment.