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LMSW TEST > Human Development, Diversity, and Behavior in the Environment > Flashcards

Human Development, Diversity, and Behavior in the Environment Flashcards

1
Q

What is Freud’s Psycho Sexual Developmental Theory?

A

Freud believed that personality is developed through childhood stages in which the id’s pleasure-seeking energies become centered on certain erogenenous areas. According to Freud, this psychosexual energy is the driving force behind behavior. Freud’s personality psyche divided into three parts the ID, Ego, and Superego

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2
Q

What does Freud’s personality psyche of the ID mean?

A

Unconscious level (basic impulses, sex, and aggression, seeking immediate gratification; irrational and impulsive)

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3
Q

What does Freud’s personality psyche of the ego mean?

A

Conscious level (the executive that mediates the id’s impulses and the superego’s inhibitions, testing reality, rational).

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4
Q

What does Freud’s personality psyche of the superego mean?

A

preconscious level (ideas and morals; striving for perfection; incorporated from parents; becoming a persons conscience; operates mostly at the preconscious level)

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5
Q

According to Freud what does ego syntonic mean?

A

Behaviors that are in sync with the ego (no guilt)

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6
Q

According to Freud what does Ego-dystonic mean?

A

Behaviors that are out of of the sync with ego (guilt).

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7
Q

What are Freud’s five stages of development?

A

oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stage

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8
Q

Freud believed what about personality development of a child?

A

He believed that the childs personality developed through 5 psychosexual stages, oral, anal phallic, latency, and genital stage. In each stage sexual energy (libido) is expressed different ways and through different parts of the body.

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9
Q

At what age does Freud’s Oral stage of psycho development happen?

A

birth to 1 year

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10
Q

What is the oral stage of psycho development under Freud?

A

the infants primary source of interaction is through the mouth. The mouth is essential for eating; the infant explores and derives pleasure from oral stimulation through sucking and tasting.

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11
Q

At what age does Freud’s anal stage of psycho development happen?

A

1 to 3 years

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12
Q

What is the anal stage of psycho development under Freud?

A

Freud believe that the primary focus on the libido (an individuals desire to engage in sexual activity) was controlling bladder and bowel movement

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13
Q

What is the conflict and success of the anal stage of psycho development under Freud?

A

The conflict in this stage is toilet training. To successfully transition to this stage the child needs to learn how to manage their bowl control.

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14
Q

What happens if the child receives excessive pressure from caregivers in the anal stage of psycho development under Freud?

A

If the child receives excessive pressure from its caregivers to toilet train, it could result in proactivity towards order and cleanliness later in life.

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15
Q

What happens if the child receives little pressure from caregivers in the anal stage of psycho development under Freud?

A

Too little pressure from parents in this stage can lead to rigidity and disordered behavior later in life.

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16
Q

At what age does Freud’s phallic stage of psycho development happen?

A

3 to 6 years

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17
Q

What is the phallic stage of psycho development under Freud?

A

The ids energy is focused on the genitals. Children become aware of their sexual orientation and gender identity during this stage.

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18
Q

When does the Oedipus Complex occur in Freuds Psychosexual development?

A

It happens during the Phallic stage

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19
Q

What is the Oedipus Complex in Freuds Psychosexual development

A

boy’s desire for mother and hostility for father; when a boy sees a naked girl for the first time, the boy believes her penis has been cut off and thinks dad will do the same thing (castration complex)

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20
Q

What is the Electra Complex in Freuds Psychosexual development

A

describes the female version of the Oedipus Complex. It involves a girl between the 3 and 6 years old, becoming subconsciously sexually attached to her father and progressively hostile towards her mother.

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21
Q

When does the Electra Complex occur in Freuds Psychosexual development?

A

It happens during the Phallic stage

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22
Q

At what age does Freud’s latency stage of psycho development happen?

A

6-puberty

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23
Q

What is the latency stage of psycho development under Freud?

A

children’s sexual feelings are dormant in this stage. During this stage children develop values, social skills, and relationships with peers and adults outside the nuclear family.

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24
Q

At what age does Freud’s genital stage of psycho development happen?

A

Puberty-Adult

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25
Q

What is the genital stage of psycho development under Freud?

A

the onset of puberty causes the libido to become active once again. During this stage individuals develop sexual interests in others,

26
Q

What happens if the genital stage of psycho development under Freud is successful?

A

If this stage is successful the individual will be able to form intimate relationships and continue to develop into a well balanced person.

27
Q

What was Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

Childrend move through four stages; sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational, and cognitive.

28
Q

What was the first stage Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

Sensorimotor stage

29
Q

What is the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

During this stage, infants learn about the world through their sensory input (e.g., taste, touch, hearing, sight, smell) and motor actions.

30
Q

What are the 2 achievements of the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

Object permanence, and causality

31
Q

What is object permeance in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

When the child recognizes that an object continues to exist even when the object cannot be seen or heard

32
Q

What is an example of object permeance in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

the game peekaboo

33
Q

What happens when someone has achieved object permeance in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

A person who has achieve object permanence understand that when you put the blanket over your face, the person still exists

34
Q

What happens when someone has not achieved object permeance in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

a person who has not achieved object permeance or the concept will think that the person has disappeared or gone away.

35
Q

What is causality in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

when a child recognizes that a specific event can cause other events

36
Q

What is an example of causality in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

a child realizes that they can use their leg to kick a ball to different spots on the soccer field.

37
Q

What is the achievement of symbolic thought in the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

is the ability to use abstract concepts such as gestures, numbers, and words to represent reality.

38
Q

What is an example of symbolic thought in the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

children play with dirt and pretend that they are making food. children also start to understand that they can use words to identify things such as animals, clothing items, and other objects found in everyday life.

39
Q

At what age is the sensorimotor stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

The first stage of development last from birth to 2 years.

40
Q

At what age is the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

2 years-7years

41
Q

What is the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

In this stage, children begin to use language, mental images and symbols to represent objects and concepts. They engage in pretend play and demonstrate egocentrism. Children during this stage engage in symbolic play and can solve problems mentally.

42
Q

What is something that children learn in the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

children learn in this stage of development to engage in symbolic play and are able to reason through problems.

43
Q

At what age is the concrete operational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

7 to 11 years

44
Q

What is the concrete operational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

Children in this stage are able to think logically about concrete objects and events. They can understand concepts such as conservation (the idea that quantity does not change when the shape or arrangement of objects is altered) and classification.

45
Q

What is something that children learn in the concrete operational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

children are able to learn to classify and problem solve in a more sophisticated ways.

46
Q

At what age is the formal operational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

11+ years

47
Q

What is the formal operational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

during this stage, the adolescent or young adults can think hypothetically, abstractly, realistically. Adolescent and young adults can construct competing hypotheses about a problem and methods for testing their hypotheses.

48
Q

What is a schema in Piaget’s cognitive development theory?

A

a cognitive framework that that aids people in organizing and interpreting information. Describes pattern of thinking and behavior that people use to interpret the world.

49
Q

What is an example of a schema in Piaget’s cognitive development of theory?

A

when a child has learned the schema of a dog, they understand that it has four legs, fur, and a tail. At first, they may not be able to distinguish a dog from other animals with similar characteristics, but as the child’s parents provide information on the characteristics that separate dogs from other animals, they will assimilate the information into their schema of dogs.

50
Q

What is assimilation in Piaget’s cognitive development theory?

A

the process of incorporating new information into the old schema

51
Q

What is an example of assimilation in Piaget’s cognitive development theory?

A

The child sees a new dog that is different from his dog at home, yet the child can still identify as a dog, nonetheless.

52
Q

What is accommodation in Piaget’s Cognitive development theory?

A

The changing or modifying of an existing schema after receiving new information.

53
Q

What is an example of accommodation in Piaget’s Cognitive development theory?

A

a child recognizes that dogs have four legs and assumes all creatures with four legs are dogs. When the child learns that cats have four legs, as well she will go through the accommodation process in which their present schema for dogs will change and they will establish a new schema for cats

54
Q

What is equilibration in Piaget’s Cognitive development theory?

A

entails the assimilation of knowledge to fit with a persons own current mental schemas and the accommodation of information by modifying it to their way of thinking. It encompasses both assimilation and accommodation.

55
Q

What is the achievement of Animism in the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

is when a child believes that inanimate objects (such as toys and teddy bears) have human feelings and intentions.

56
Q

What is an example of Animism in the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

A child believing that the sidewalk was mad and made them fall or that the stars twinkle in the sky because they are happy.

57
Q

What is egocentrism in the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?

A

the belief that everyone sees the world the same way they do.

58
Q

What are the two achievements in the preoperational stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory?

A

symbolic thought and animism.

59
Q

What are the four things that Piaget believed about his process of his cognitive development theory?

A
  1. Stages happen in the same order.
60
Q
A

LMSW TEST (1 decks)

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