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Behavioral Science > Human Development > Flashcards

Human Development Flashcards

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0
Q

Language Development

A 
2-3 months = cooing
3-4 months = babbling
10 months = family language babbling
12 months = one word stage
24 months = two word telegraph stage
24+ = rapid development into complete sentences.
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1
Q

Language Subsystems

A

Phonemic - sound
Symantic - meaning
Syntactic - grammer
Pragmatic - social rules

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2
Q

Categories of Attachment

A
  1. Securely attached
  2. Insecurely attached: anxious avoidant (child denied comfort)
  3. Insecurely attached: anxious resistant (parental inconsistency, child seeks then resists physical interaction)
  4. Insecurely attached: disorganized (abuse, parental depression, child avoids parental contact)
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3
Q

Developmental Red Flags

A

Birth: abnormal or absent reflexes

3 Months: Persistent fisting (neurologic defect), Absent smile (visual defect or abuse/neglect)

6 Months: Failure to reach for objects (visual, motor, cognitive defects),
Absent babbling (hearing defects)

12 Months: Persistent mouthing of objects (cognitive defects)

1.5 Years: Advanced non-communicative speech (developmental disorder, cognitive defects)

Regression of any previously required skills

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5
Q

Sensorimotor Stage

A

Piaget Stage 1 - Birth to 2 Years:

Nervous System maturation

  • Primary circular response - reflex action and response
  • Secondary circular response - action response with others
  • Tertiary circular response - planned action leading to new action
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6
Q

Preoperational Stage

A

Piaget Stage 2 - 2 to 6 years of age.

Experience or environmental stimulation

  • representing things with words and images
  • lacking logical reasoning

Lack of conservation abilities

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7
Q

Concrete Operational Stage

A

Piaget Stage 3 - 7 to 11 years of age.

Social transmission of information
-thinking logically about concrete events

Conservation

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8
Q

Formal Operational Stage

A

Piaget Stage 4 - 12 to Adulthood

Abstract reasoning - Equilibration

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9
Q

Equilibration

A

Piaget: A cognitive process in which existing constructs are changed as a result of new experiences, resulting in an advanced state of cognitive balance.

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10
Q

Kohlberg Stages of Moral Development

A 
Stage 1: Punishment Orientation
Stage 2: Reward Orientation
Stage 3: Good Boy/Girl
Stage 4: Authority Orientation - upholds social rules to avoid censure & guilt. 
Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation
Stage 6: Ethical Principle Orientation
1&2 = preconventional
3&4 = conventional
5&6 = postconventional
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11
Q

Causes of Death: neonates and kids <5 (world)

A
  1. Prematurity, low birth weight 31%
  2. Birth asphyxia, birth trauma 23%
  3. Neonatal infections 26%
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12
Q

Causes of Death: Infant (US)

A

Congenital abnormalities
Disorders related to low birth weight
SIDS

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13
Q

Causes of Death: Child 1-4 (US)

A

Unintentional injuries (motor vehicle, drowning)
Congenital abnormalities
Homicide

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14
Q

Causes of Death: Child 5-14 (US)

A

Unintentional injuries
Malignant neoplasms
Congenital abnormalities

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15
Q

Causes of Death: Age 15-19 (US)

A

Unintentional injuries (motor vehicle-40%)
Homicide (13.7%)
Suicide (10.9%)

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16
Q

Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Infancy

A

Trust vs. Mistrust

-Hope

17
Q

Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Toddler

A

Autonomy vs. Doubt

-Will

18
Q

Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Preschooler Age 3-5

A

Initiative vs. Guilt

-Purpose

19
Q

Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Elem. School Age 6-puberty

A

Competence vs Infriority

-Competence

20
Q

Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Adolescence to 20

A

Identity vs Role Confusion

-Fidelity

21
Q

Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Young Adult 20-40

A

Intimacy vs. Isolation

-Love

22
Q

Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Middle Adult 40-65

A

Generativity vs stagnation

-Care

23
Q

Erikson Psychosocial Stage: Late Adult 65+

A

Integrity vs Dispair

-Wisdom

24
Q

Cause of Death (world): Age 1-24

A

Unintentional Injuries
Homicide
Suicide

25
Q

Cause of Death (world): Age 25-44

A

Unintentional Injuries
Cancer
Heart Disease
Suicide

26
Q

Cause of Death (world): Age 45-64

A

Cancer
Heart Disease
Unintentional Injuries

27
Q

Cause of Death (world): Age 65+

A

Heart Disease
Cancer
Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease

28
Q

Grieving Process

A

Kubler-Ross: DABDA

29
Q

Stages of Grieving (western World)

A
  1. Acute Disbelief: Phase of Protest
  2. Grief Work: Phase of Disorganization - emotional sense of loss, withdrawal from social contacts
  3. Resolution: Phase of Reorganization - acceptance, new relationship formed with loved one.
30
Q

Screening for Abuse - RADAR

A 
Routinely Screen
Ask Questions
Document Findings
Assess Safety
Review and Refer

Behavioral Science (3 decks)

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